PHRA 1302 unit 1 review

Larynx

An largement in the airway at the top of the trachea and below the pharynx which is a passageway for air; prevents foreign objects from entering trachea; houses vocal cords.

Lungs

Soft, spongy cone shaped organ which contains air passages, alveoli, blood vessels, etc.

Alveoli

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

internal

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and capillaries

cellular

use of oxygen to release energy stored in nutrients molecules

external

breathing or ventilation

Antigen

Substance that induces the formation of antibodies

allergy

state of hypersensitivity induced by exposure to a particular antigen that results in harmful immunological reactions

histamine

mediators naturally found in all body tissues that protect the body tissues from factors in the environment that produce allergic and inflammatory reactions

leukotrienes

mediator that contributes to the inflammation associated with asthma

allergic reaction

immune response to a foreign substance

anaphylactic shock

life-threatening, sudden, severe, allergic reaction involving the entire body. treatment is with epinephrine followed by antihistamines and steroids.

allergic rhinitits

seasonally as hay-fever when seasonal

ashma

chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, which is caused by the constriction of the bronchioles. shortness of breath and commonly classified as either allergic, exercise-induced, or respiratory tract infection related.

emphysema

irreversible and incurable destruction of the alveolar walls and septae

cystic fibrosis

genetic disorder affecting the exocrine glands, causing thick mucus to obstruct the bronchioles in the lungs

tumor

neoplasm, start with single abnormal cell, which continues to divide indefinitely

metastasize

neoplasm spread of cancer cells

careinogen

promotion of cancer

chemotherapy

Palliative care not a cure, but provides relief of symptoms

myelosuppression

decrease in bone marrow

toxin

occurring organic

posion

produced by a microgram

muchausen’s by proxy

parent or caregiver intentionally makes a child sick, often by poison, to receive attention

Poison Prevention Packaging Act (PPPA) 1970

mandates child-resistant containers that cannot be opened by 80% of children under five years of age but can be opened by 90% of adults

methods of posion treatment

CAB

stabilization/support care

Gastric lavage

a procedure that cleanses the stomach and is used in caustic or acidic ingestions

1st generation histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist

may cause hyperactivity in children

hydrOXYzine HCI

motion sickness

hydrOXYzine HCI

Anxiety

hydrOXYzine Pamoate

motion sickness

hydrOXYzine Pamoate

Anxiety

olopatadine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Anticholinergic

COPD

Asthma

B2-Adrenergic Agonist short acting beta agonist

brochospasm

exercise-induced brochospasm

combination anticholinergic + B2 adrenergic agonist

COPD

Levalbuterol MDI, Nebulizer

prime inhaler with 4 spray if new or 2 sprays if it has not been used for 2 in weeks

Glucocorticoid

nasal rhinitis

Glucocorticoid

rinse mouth, swish with water and spit after use to prevent thrush

singulair

may cause serious neuropsychiartic events such as agitation, depression, sleep disturbance, and suicide

anticholinergic

rhinorrhea

anticholinergic

allergic rhinitis

afrin

to avoid rebound congestion, do not use for more than 3 consecutive days

sudafed PE

sympathomimetic medication should not be taken if you have hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, etc..

benzonatate

swallow capsules whole, do not chew or crush

non-opioid antitussive

cough

opioid antitussive

cough

opioid antitussive + expectorant

cough

expectorant

mucuous

acetylcysteine

cystic fibrosis

acetylcysteine

chronic bronchitis

methotrexate (MTX)

ectopic pregnancy

tamoxifen

breast cancer

DOXOrubicin HCI

causes myocardial damage proportional to dose

Nitrogen Mustard Alkylating Agent

brain cancer

Imatinib

Administer with a meal, but avoid grapefruit juice

colony stimulating factor

anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia due to chemotherapy

acetylcysteine

strong sulfurous smell

acetylcysteine

a nasogastric tube administration us preferred

flumazenil

benzodiazepine toxixity

naloxone

opioid toxicity

ATNAA

nerve Agent poisoning

CANA

convulsions due to nerve agent exposure

Reversal agent

acetylcysteine

adsorbent agent

activated charcoal

antitumor antibiotic

Doxorubicin HCI

Hormone Antagonist

Tamoxifen

Non-opioid antitussive

dextromethorphan

leukotriene inhibitor

montelukast

Glucocorticoid + Long Acting Beta Agonist (SABA)

Advair

1st generation histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist

diphenhydrAMINE

What medication or drug class would you use a spacer if recommended by provider

Beta Adrenergic Agonist Short-Acting Beta Agonist (SABA)

May cause feminization in male patients

Leurpolide

What drug class states to store in fridge, protect from light, and do not shake

Colony Stimulating Factor