APUSH Period 6 - URP

Flashcards about Period 6 review for US History. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIxbHcLRSig

What characterized the Gilded Age?

Rapid economic growth, industrialization, and corruption following the Civil War.

How did Andrew Carnegie grow his steel business?

Through vertical integration, controlling every stage of steel production.

How did John D. Rockefeller grow his Standard Oil Company?

Through horizontal integration, buying out his competitors.

What are trusts?

A means of consolidating power, controlling markets, and monopolizing industries used by Robber Barons.

What theory did Robber Barons use to justify their fortunes and low wages?

Social Darwinism, or economic survival of the fittest.

What did Andrew Carnegie argue in "The Gospel of Wealth"?

That the wealthy had a responsibility to give back for the betterment of society.

What government policies allowed industrial capitalists to thrive?

Laissez-faire government policies.

Who was William "Boss" Tweed?

He ran Tammany Hall in New York, infamous for corrupt practices and exploitation of immigrants for votes.

What act ended the spoils system?

The Pendleton Civil Service Act.

What was the purpose of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?

To limit the power of monopolies, although it was difficult to enforce.

Who founded the Knights of Labor?

Terence Powderly.

Who founded the American Federation of Labor?

Samuel Gompers.

What reform movement encouraged Christians to address poverty and homelessness?

The Social Gospel movement.

Who opened the Hull House in Chicago?

Jane Addams.

Who was Jacob Riis?

A photojournalist who brought attention to the living conditions of the urban poor through his book "How the Other Half Lives."

What act led to a rise in nativism?

The mass influx of new immigrants.

What did Henry Grady advocate for?

That the South should diversify its economy and embrace industry, referring to this as the "New South."

What Supreme Court case upheld segregation?

Plessy v. Ferguson.

Who led anti-lynching campaigns?

Ida B. Wells.

What did Booker T. Washington advocate for?

Economic independence and vocational education for African Americans.

What negative effects did the rapidly expanding population and infrastructure in the West have on the Great Plains?

Buffalo populations were decimated, and violent conflicts with natives increased.

Who wrote "A Century of Dishonor"?

Helen Jackson, to expose the poor treatment of Native Americans by the American government.

What did the Dawes Severalty Act support?

Assimilation of Native Americans.

What did the Populist Party's Omaha Platform support?

Bimetallism, the direct election of senators, a graduated income tax, and government ownership of railroads.

Who gave the "Cross of Gold" speech?

William Jennings Bryan, supporting the coinage of silver.