UCONN Med Term Chap 7

Urinary System

Voiding

Urination

Micturition

Urination

Arteriole

small artery

Calyx, Calix

Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

Catheter

Tube for injecting or removing fluids

Cortex

Outer region of an organ

Creatinine

nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

electrolyte

chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water

erythropoietin (EPO)

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by bone marrow

-poietin

substance that forms

filtration

process whereby some substances pass through a filter

glomerular/bowman capsule

enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus

glomerulus

tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

hilum

Depression in the part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

kidneys

bean-shaped organ that filter nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream to form urine

meatus

opening or canal

medulla

Inner region of an organ

nitrogenous waste

Substance containing nitrogen
and excreted in urine;
examples are urea, uric acid,
and creatinine

potassium (K+)

An electrolyte regulated by the kidney

Reabsorption

Renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

renal artery

Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

renal pelvis

Central collection region in the kidney

renal tubules

Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

renal vein

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney

renin

Hormone secreted by the kidney that raises blood pressure

sodium (Na+)

An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; a common form of sodium is sodium chloride (salt)

trigone

Triangular area in the urinary bladder

urea

Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

ureter

One of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

urethra

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

uric acid

Nitrogenous waste product excreted in the urine

urinary bladder

Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

urination (voiding)

Process of expelling urine; also called micturition

cali/o, calic/o

calyx (calix); cup-shaped

cyst/o

urinary bladder

glomerul/o

glomerulus

meat/o

meatus

nephr/o

kidney

pyel/o

renal pelvis

ren/o

kidney

trigon/o

trigone

ureter/o

ureter

urethr/o

urethra

vesic/o

urinary bladder

albumin/o

albumin

azot/o

nitrogen

bacteri/o

bacteria

dips/o

thirst

kal/o

potassium

ket/o, keton/o

ketone bodies

lith/o

stone

natr/o

sodium

noct/o

night

olig/o

scanty

py/o

pus

-tripsy

to crush

ur/o

urea

-uria

urination; urine condition

urin/o

urine

Urinalysis tests

color, appearance, pH, protein, glucose, specific gravity, ketone bodies, sediment, phenylketonuria, bilirubin

isch

to hold back