Network + Fundamentals of Information Technology

What is ipconfig?

ipconfig is a command-line tool in Windows that displays IP address configuration information for network interfaces, including IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.

What is the purpose of the dir command?

The dir command is a command-line utility in Windows that displays a list of files and directories within a specified directory, providing information about file sizes and modification dates.

What is a default gateway?

A default gateway is a node on a network that serves as an access point to other networks, typically a router that routes traffic from a local network to external networks, such as the internet.

What is ping?

Ping is a network utility used to test the reachability of a host on a network by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages and receiving Echo Reply messages, measuring the round-trip time for messages sent.

What is the command used to get to the command line in Windows?

The command used to access the command line in Windows is "cmd" or "Command Prompt," which allows users to execute various commands directly in a text-based interface.

What is a host?

A device connected to a network, such as a computer or printer, that can send or receive data.

Explain what ARP is and how it works

ARP, or Address Resolution Protocol, is a network protocol used to find the hardware address (MAC address) of a host from its IP address on a local network. It operates within the Link Layer of the OSI model and facilitates communication between devices by mapping IP addresses to MAC addresses.

What is the ARP command that displays the current contents of the arp cache?

The ARP command that displays the current contents of the ARP cache is "arp -a." This command lists the IP addresses and their corresponding MAC addresses stored in the cache.

What is a MAC address?

A MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface for communication on the physical network segment. It is expressed as a sequence of six pairs of hexadecimal digits.

What is Wireshark?

Wireshark is a network protocol analyzer that enables users to capture and interactively browse the traffic running on a computer network. It provides detailed information about network packets for troubleshooting and analysis.

What is promiscuous mode?

Promiscuous mode is a networking mode for network interfaces in which the interface receives all packets on the network segment, regardless of the destination address. This allows for monitoring or capturing traffic for analysis, such as with packet analyzers like Wireshark.

1. What is the opcode for an ARP request?

1. What is the opcode for an ARP reply?

1. What type of packet is an ARP request?

1. Why would an ARP frame have a destination MAC address of 00:00:00:00:00:00?

1. What type of packet is an ARP reply?