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Science of classification of organisms
taxonomy
Swedish botanist, based classification on structural similarities. Divided all organisms into two major groups called kingdoms: Plants and Animals
linnaeus
what are the groups in the modern classifying system?
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
each type of organism is given a unique, 2-word, latin scientific name showing the genus and species of the organism. Genus is capitalized
binomial nomenclature
the evolutionary history of a species; often classification of organisms is based on this
phylogeny
diagram that illustrates the evolutionary relationship between groups of organisms based on characteristics such as
phylogenetic tree
diagram that illustrates the evolutionary relationship between groups of organisms based on shared derived traits
cladogram
a group of species that share certain specific traits that were derived from their ancestors
clade
traits that organisms have acquired from their ancestors and share with other members of the group
shared derived traits
a reference tool that uses a series of choices to progressively lead to the identification of an unknown organism
dichotomous key
- discovered in 1796 - used to prepare the immune system for a viral attack
vaccines