Module 4: Logarithms and Antilogarithms

Exponent

number written to the upper right of a number

mathematical shorthand

Logarithms

a scale we use to condense large numbers into smaller numbers

Antilogarithms

inverse of logarithms, we don’t use these in audiology

Four Measurement Scales

nominal

ordinal

interval

ratio

Nominal

things are categorized by observing that one object is the same as or different from one another

categorized

Examples of Nominal Scales

male/female

adult/child

fruit/vegetable

Ordinal

two or more things are different or the same

categorized and ranked in an order

Example of Ordinal Scale

12 > 24 > 45 > 89

Interval

ordinal scale becomes interval scale when the spacing between categories is equal

categorized, ranked, equally spaced

Example of Interval Scale

clock

ABR

Ratio

also known as exponential or logarithmic scale

will have all the characteristics of interval scales, plus a true zero point

categorized, ranked, equally spaced, absolute 0