Ocean Zones/Lifestyles/Nature of Life 1/Photosynthesis Quiz Study Guide

pelagic zone

open water portion of the ocean

benthic zone

bottom of the ocean

neritic zone

area from low tide to the edge of the continental shelf

abyssopelagic zone

the deepest water in the open ocean

supralittoral zone

shore bottom that is splashed but not submerged in the benthic zone

nekton

marine organisms that swim

plankton

marine organisms that drift with the current, unable to swim against the currents of the ocean

benthos

marine organisms that live on or in the ocean floor

Epifauna and Epiflora

the organisms (fauna) and plants (flora) that live on top of the ocean floor

infauna

organisms that live in the mud and clay of the ocean floor

characteristics of life

Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, waste release, Nutrition

Life requires energy to...

to accomplish work.

cellular respiration

the conversion of carbohydrate into useable energy

primary producers

create their own energy rich molecules used for life

Chemosynthesis

performed in the absence of light.

Products of Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate (primary), Oxygen

Primary production in the ocean comes from...

phytoplankton

Common elements found in life

H, C, N, O

Primary way that hydrogen and oxygen enter lifeforms

through water consumption

Rubisco

enzyme responsible for converting carbon dioxide allowing carbon to be fixed to other molecules

Life organizes matter into...

cells and energy

This system is light independent in photosynthesis

Calvin cycle

Coral bleaching occurs when

The coral animal expels algae living inside them because the calvin cycle is hindered by warm waters.

Rubisco is used during

the calvin cycle

Primary producers create saccharides

true

It takes more energy to create matter in a lifeform than that matter gives back.

True

Scientists classify marine environments

based on a series of physical factors.

Entropy states that life retains energy as it ages.

False

Autotroph

An organism that makes its own food

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food. Consumer

Cellular respiration

releases energy from energy rich compounds.

Production can fluctuate due to season, light availability, and based on geography.

True

Organisms exist in a low entropy state.

True

Calvin cycle

where the carbohydrates are created.

Photosystem I

NADPH

Photosystem II

ATP and frees up 2 electrons for photosystem I

Calvin cycle

makes 'sugar'

Effect of high temps on photosynthesis.

Hinders the Calvin cycle.

Effect of Paraquat on photosynthesis

Increased ATP production, but Photosystem I and the Calvin Cycle were hindered.

Effect of Diuron on photosynthesis

stops all electron transport by taking free electrons up immediately