Exam 1 - NS and Eyes Chart page 1 and 2

what are the major symptoms of bacterial meningitis

sudden high fever

severe stiff neck

severe headache

severe meningeal inflammation

which causative organism is gram + and transmits bacterial meningitis at birth via passage through the birth canal or from medical personnel

step. agalactiae

which causative organism is gram -, transmits bacterial meningitis via respiratory droplets, and causes meningitis in children under 5 (MC under 18 months)

haemophilus influenzae b

when strep agalactiae causes bacterial meningitis, who is affected

premature babies and infants <3 months

which causative organism is gram -, transmits bacterial meningitis via respiratory droplets, and causes a purple spotted rash

neisseria meningitidis

what is the most common cause of meningitis in the late teens early 20's and is commonly known as the meningococcus

N. meninigitidis

college students in the dorms are ____x more likely to develop bacterial meningitis due to what causative organism

23, N. meningitidis

which causative organism is gram + and transmits bacterial meningitis via contaminated food and drink? Who most commonly gets this?

listeria monocytogenes

pregnant women

which causative organism is gram + and transmits bacterial meningitis through respiratory droplets? MC form

streptococcus pneumoniae

s. pneuomoniae is commonly known as the ____ and is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis is adults

pneumococcus

AKA of leprosy

Hansen's Disease

Hansen's Disease can produce ___ leprosy or ___ leprosy

tuberculoid, lepromatous

tuberculoid leprosy is ____ and results in loss of ___ due to nerve damage

nonprogressive, sensation

lepromatous leprosy is ___ and causes a gradual loss of facial ___, ____, and other body structures

progressive, features, digits

what is the causative agent of leprosy

mycobacterium leprae (acid-fast bacteria)

what is mode of transmission for leprosy

direct contact

armadillos

what determines if you get tuberculoid leprosy vs lepromatous lepracy

strong immune system: TB

weak: lepromatous

t/f

death from leprosy is common

false, rare

botulism results in ___ paralysis and death by failure to ___

flaccid, inhale

what is causative agent of botulism

clostridium botulinum (+)

what is mode of transmission of botulism

contaminated food

honey - infants

endospores enter wounds

tetanus results in ___ paralysis and causes ___, _____ (smiling spasm), and death via failure to ____

spastic, lockjaw, risus sardonicus, exhale

what is causative agent of tetanus

clostridium tetani (+)

mode of transmission for tetanus

break in skin, mucus membranes, puncture wounds, umbilical stump

neonatal tetanus has a ___% mortality rate due to infection of the ______

90, umbilical stump

AKA for viral meningitis

aseptic meningitis

t/f

viral meningitis is similar to bacterial meningitis but it is more severe

false it is more mild

what is causative agent for viral meningitis

enteroviruses: poliovirus, coxsackie virus, echovirus (90%)

ALL NS diseases caused by viruses are ____ viruses

RNA

what is mode of transmission for viral meningitis

respiratory droplets and feces

t/f

viral meningitis is more common than bacterial and fungal meningitis

true

is botulism a Cat A bioterrorist threat?

yes!