Influential Psychologists

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Alfred Adler

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Alfred Adler

Neo-Freudian psychologist who believed that children experience "feelings of inferiority" and also that birth order affects one's personality.

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2

Stanley Milgram

Social psychologist who conducts one of psychology's most famous experiments, studying obedience to authority.

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3

Paul Broca

Neuroscientist who has a region of the brain responsible for producing speech named after him.

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4

lev Vygotsky

Studied the impact of culture on intellectual and language development.

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5

Harry Harlow

Studied attachment in rhesus monkeys, and concluded that physical contact is an important aspect of parenting.

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6

Sigmund Freud

Father of modern psychology and developer of psychoanalytic theory; considered to be the most influential psychologist of the first half of the 20th century.

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7

Erik Erikson

Developmental psychologist that proposed the "8 stages of Psychosocial Development" tracing human development from infancy to old age.

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8

Martin Seligman

Considered to be the found of Postive Psychology and known for his work on "learned helplessness"

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9

William James

Early American psychologist who founded functionalism, the precursor of behaviorism and developed one of the 3 most often cited theories of emotion.

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10

Leon Festinger

Social psychologist who developed the idea of "cognitive dissonance", an incompatibility of one's thoughts and behavior.

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11

Philip Zimbardo

Social psychologist known for is work in attitude formation; conducted the famous "Stanford Prison Experiment".

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12

John Watson

Early American psychologist who founded behaviorism and studied classical condition.

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13

Aaron Beck

Cognitive psychologist who studied depression and developed a scale for measuring depression.

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14

Jean Piaget

Famous cognitive psychologist of the early 20th century who studied cognitive development in children and is famous for his stage theory of cognitive development.

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15

Ivan Pavlov

Early psychologist who "discovered" classical conditioning whole doing work on salivation in dogs.

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16

Albert Bandura

Social learning theorist famous for his "bobo doll experiment" and conclusions that much of learning is accomplished through observing others.

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17

Mary Ainsworth

Followed the work of Harry Harlow, studying the attachment in children, and developed the "strange situation" experimental design; described secure and insecure attachment.

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18

Carl Wernicke

Neuroscientist who has a region of the brain responsible for understanding language named after him.

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19

Carl Jung

Neo-Freudian psychologist who developed the idea of archetype and the collective unconscious; famous for his work on dream interpretation as well.

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20

Lawrence Kohlberg

Cognitive psychologist who studied how children develop morals and developed a stage theory of moral development.

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21

B.F. Skinner

Famous behaviorist who develops operant conditioning, which elaborated on the "Law of Effect"

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22

Elizabeth Loftus

Modern psychologist who studied long term memory, in particular the fallibility of eye witness testimony.

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23

Abraham Maslow

Humanistic psychologist famous for his "Hierarchy of Needs" theory of motivation.

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24

Solomon Asch

Social psychologist who studied conformity; famous for his "line length" experiment.

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25

Noam Chomsky

Studied the development of language and believes that language development is innate and cannot be fully explained with learning theory alone.

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26

Carl Rogers

Humanisitc psychologist famous for his "person centered theory" and "client centered therapy".

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27

Wilhelm Wundt

The father of psyhoclogy who developed the first psychology lab and studied the mind; developed the ideas that lead to structuralism.

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28

Gordon Allport

Early personality theorist who developed a long lost of personality characteristics he called traits; also developed the idea of self-esteem.

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29

Albert Ellis

Cognitive behavioral therapist who developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy.

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30

Clark Hull

Early psychologist who developed "drive reduction theory" of motivation, focusing on physiological needs and drives.

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31

Stanley Schachter

Developed the "two factor theory of emotions", one of the most influential emotion theories; famous for his experiment with Singer.

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32

Karen Horney

Neo-Freudian psychologist known for her feminine perspective on psychoanalytic theory and "womb envy".

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33

Hans Eysenck

Famous for his work on the structure of personality and his attacks on psychotherapy; also his position on genetic influence on intelligence.

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34

Raymond Cattell

Trait theorist in personality theory who developed the "16 personality factors" and 16PF personality measurement instrument.

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35

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Worked in the area of human memory and developed the "forgetting curve"; studied the effect of practice on memory.

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