Ap Hg test

Define malthusian theory

Humans ability to reproduce far exceeds their ability to increase food production

Define cornucopia theory

An agrgument contrary to malthus that’s says the human creativity will provide solutions to malthus proposed problems

What are antinatalist policies

Policies that seek to slow population growth by reducing fertility rates in society

what are pronatalist policies

policies designed to boost fertility rates and overall population growth

What is relocation diffusion

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to the other

What is Expansion diffusion

the process of spreading something from one place to another in an ever-expanding “ snowballing” process

What is contagious diffusion

involves a form of expansion in which people near the point of origin become adopters of a cultural fad

what is hierarchical diffusion

spread from a person of authority to others people and places

What is reverse hierarchical diffusion

spread of ideas through power structure from the bottom up

what is stimulus diffusion

diffusion in which one people receive a culture element from another but gives it a new and unique form

What is colonialism

the policy or practice of acquiring full or partical political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically

What is imperialism

the policy of extending a countries power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means

what is globalization

spread of businesses, products, people, and ideas around the world

what is time- space convergence

the decline in travel time between geographical locations as a result of transportation, communication, and related technological and social innovations

Define acculturation

The process in which individuals or groups from one culture adopt the traits of a new culture

Define assimilation

A person or group abandons their original culture and adopts a new culture

Define syncretism

when 2 cultures traits blend together and form a new cultural trait

Define state

A place with a sovereign government and has defined borders, permanent population, and a government

Define nation

A group of people with a common identity who often share a language, religion, ethnicity, or heritage

What is a nation-state

a place where the social borders of a nation match the political borders of a state; state with ideally one nation in it

what is a Stateless nation

a national if people without a state to govern

What is a multistate nation

a national of people living in more that one state

What is a multinational state

a country with many ethnicities and cultures within it’s borders

What is a autonomous region

a region within a state given a high to moderate degree of independence and self governance

What is a semi-autonomous region

a region within a state given a small degree of independence and self rule

Define sovereignty

a states authority to control to control its territory and govern itself

Define self- determination

the right of all people to govern themselves.

devolution

due to centrifugal forces, power is shifter from the central government or administration to regional authorities which are usually reflective of nations

what happened during the Berlin Conference (1884)

European powers gathered to divide up the continent of africa and establish borders. Europeans drew political boundaries for their own benefits without regard to tribal cultures and distributions

What was the treaty of versailles (1920)

Thus treaty was signed to end WWI. It redrew boundaries in europe and southwest asia.

What was the Establishment of Israel

Palestine, former British colony was established as the state of israel after the haulocaust. Self determination for arabs across palestine rose and conflict has ebbed and followed since the state was officially established

What were the decolonization and interdependence movements

after the development of the united nations and the end of WWI the movement of decolonization began around the world

What was the fall of the soviet union

The fall of communism and the soviet union ended the Cold War and led to the creation of newly independent states and changed the world balance power

Define anticedent boundaries

pre existing; commonly corresponds to a physical feature

Define Subsequent Boundaries

Set after the settlements of different groups meet. Often correspond to their respective ecumene.

Define superimposed boundaries

Boundary is imposed by an outside force( treaty). May not reflect existing cultural landscape.

Define Relic boundaries

No longer a boundary. Often the outcome of political changes. Still visible imprint of the landscape

Maritime Boudaries are

12 nautical miles from coastline

Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) are

200 nautical miles, special rights over exploration and use of marine resources

Define Intensive practices

LARGE output on a small amount of land, a lot of labor or capital ( investment), smaller plots of land, in locations with higher population density

Define Extensive Practices

Smaller output on a larger amount of land, less labor or capital(investment), typically larger plots of land, in locations with lower population density