Photosynthesis 1

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics

The study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe

heterotrophs

All energy originates from the sun and energy flows from autotrophs to _________

autotrophs

All energy originates from the sun and energy flows from ___________ to heterotrophs

autotroph

organisms that make their own food (like plants)

Photoautotroph

convert light energy from sun into chemical energy (like plants)

Heterotroph

organisms that can’t produce their own food so need to consume nutrients from plants or other organisms (like animals)

Metabolism

all of the chemical reactions in a cell

Catabolic pathways

reactions that release energy by breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones

Anabolic pathways

reactions that absorb energy released by catabolic pathways to build larger molecules from small ones

Metabolism

Creates a flow of energy

Photosynthesis

anabolic pathway in which light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy (stored in atomic bonds) for use by the cell

Cellular respiration

catabolic pathway in which molecules are broken down to release energy for use in a cell

ATP

Energy stored as ______ in cells

ATP

A nucleotide made of 3 parts

Adenine base

Part of ATP

Ribose sugar

Part of ATP

Three phospate groups

Part of ATP

ADP

Breaking off the last phosphate group releases energy for use by the cell and turns ATP to _______

ATP

adenosine phosphate

ATP

3 phosphate groups

ADP

Adenosine diphosphate

ADP

2 phosphate groups

Li

chemical

During photosynthesis, light energy is convered into _______ energy

Phase 1

Light reactions

Phase 1

Absorbtion of light

Phase 1

Stores energy to be used in next phase in molecules NADPH and ATP

Phase 2

Light Indepentdent Reactions

Phase 2

Takes energy from molecules in Phase 1 and stores them in glucose

Chloroplasts

organelles that capture light energy

thylakoid

Phase 1 takes place in the ___________ of a chloroplast

Chlorophyll

Light absorbing colored molecules found in thylakoid

Chlorophyll a and b

Most common pigments

Chlorophyll

absorbs violet-blue and orange light and reflects green, which is why we see plants as being green

Accessory

a pigment that reflects yellows, oranges and reds

Sun (light energy)

__________ - ATP in phase 1 - glucose in phase 2

ATP in phase 1

Sun (light energy) - __________ - glucose in phase 2

Glucose in phase 2

Sun (light energy) - ATP in phase 1 - ____________

Stroma

Fluid filled space of chloroplast

Thylakoid

Looks like a coin

Granum

Looks like a stack of coins

Granum

Stack of Thylakoids

Lamella

Bridge that connects granums

6CO₂

_____ + 6H₂O = C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

6H₂O

6CO₂ + _____ = C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

C₆H₁₂O₆

6CO₂ + 6H₂O =_____ + 6O₂

6O₂

6CO₂ + 6H₂O = C₆H₁₂O₆ +_____