Early Stuart Period and Rise of the Novel Flashcards

Flashcards covering key figures, events, and literary developments during the Early Stuart period and the rise of the novel in English literature.

What was the Early Stuart period marked by (1603-1642)?

Reigns of James I and Charles I, rising tensions between monarchy and Parliament, leading to the English Civil War.

What was James I's attitude toward warefare?

Pacifist; sought to avoid war, exemplified by the Treaty of London.

What notable religious event defined James I's religious policies?

The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, where Guy Fawkes attempted to blow up Parliament.

What translation is James I known for?

The King James Bible

What colonies were established during the reign of James I?

Jamestown in Virginia (1607) and the Ulster plantation in Ireland.

What legal principles emerged due to conflicts with Charles I?

No taxation without representation, no imprisonment without cause, and no unjustified seizure of property.

What was Charles I's Personal Rule?

1629 to 1640, when he attempted to govern without Parliament, leading to temporary peace but increasing his unpopularity.

What led to the Civil Wars (1642-1649)?

Conflicts between Parliamentarians (Roundheads) and Royalists (Cavaliers), ultimately leading to the trial and execution of Charles I in 1649.

Who led the Interregnum (1649-1660)?

Oliver Cromwell, who became Lord Protector.

What was the Restoration of 1660?

the event that brought Charles II to the throne under the Declaration of Breda.

What did the Declaration of Breda promise?

Amnesty and religious tolerance in exchange for loyalty

What was significant about the reign of William and Mary?

Initiated legal changes, including the Bill of Rights, safeguarding individual rights and ensuring Parliament's consent for taxation.

What did the Act of Settlement in 1701 ensure?

A Protestant succession

What did the Act of Union in 1707 do?

Unified England and Scotland into Great Britain.

What is the motto of the Enlightenment?

"Sapere Aude!" (Dare to know!) Have the courage to use your own understanding.

What characterized the Enlightenment?

Emphasis on reason, logic, individualism, and skepticism towards traditional authority.

What are periodical essays and what was their purpose?

Education and entertainment of the middle class

What are defining characteristics of the novel?

Moves and thoughts of ordinary men & women, familiar, contemporary & everyday circumstances, individualism, realism.

What is heteroglossia?

Using different registers of speech in the novel (specialized terminology, different dialects, colloquial speech etc.)

What is 'formal realism'?

The novel is a full and authentic report of human experience; obliged to give details about the characters & settings.

Who defined the Enlightenment as humanity's emergence from self-incurred immaturity?

Immanuel Kant

What did critics like Horkheimer and Adorno argue regarding Enlightenment rationality?

It could lead to totalitarianism and domination.

When did the 'long eighteenth century' occur during which the rise of the novel happened?

spanning from 1689 to 1815.

What key events frame the period of the rise of the novel?

The Glorious Revolution and the Battle of Waterloo

What terms were early novels often labeled as?

"Histories," "romances," or "adventures."

Why did authors like Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson play pivotal roles in the rise of the novel?

Asserting that novels could convey moral truths and reflect reality.

What did Clara Reeve delineate as a defining characteristic of the novel?

A commitment to depicting real-life situations as opposed to the mythical nature of romances.

What is social history in terms of books such as a novel?

How the novel reflect and is conditioned by changes in societal structures, intellectual movements, and cultural dynamics.

According to Jan Watt, what does the novel emphasize?

authenticity of individual experience over adherence to classical or traditional forms.

What are characteristics of novel of adventures?

Episodic structure, prioritizes excitement over causality, fast-paced narratives.

What are characteristics of a picaresque novel?

First-person fictitious autobiography of a low-born rogue, parodies chivalric literature, social realism.

What are characteristics of a novel of development (bildungsroman)?

Follows the life journey of a protagonist as they navigate personal growth and self-discovery, third-person narrative.

What are characteristics of an epistolary novel?

Composed primarily of letters, offers a unique insight into personal thoughts and emotions.

What are characteristics of a novel of consciousness?

Focuses on psychological realism and dense reflection, explores the inner workings of the mind.

What are characteristics of a novel of sentiment?

Revolves around sympathy and emotional excess, showcases characters who experience intense feelings and moral dilemmas.

What are characteristics of a novel of manners?

Focused on social behavior and the intricacies of societal customs, captures the moral code and critique of upper-class society.

What are characteristics of the Gothic novel?

Combines thrilling elements with psychological depth, involves isolated settings, explores themes of terror and emotional intensity.

What are characteristics of the political novel?

Way to critique societal issues and promote visions of change, addresses themes of oppression, betrayal, and the need for social reform.

What is the setting for John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress

From the City of Destruction to the Celestial City

What Puritan themes are shown in The Pilgrim's Progress?

Struggle, individual responsibility, predestination, strict adherence to their interpretation of Christian doctrine.

What does Aphra Behn's "The Unfortunate Happy Lady" center around?

Philadelphia, a woman of virtue caught in the financial and moral deteriorations caused by her brother

What are the main themes in Aphra Behn's "The History of the Nun: or the Fair Vow-Breaker"?

Choice, devotion, and societal expectations of women- especially concerning the constraints of religious vows.

How is Robinson Crusoe structured?

As a first-person narrative that adheres to what Ian Watt terms "formal realism."

What defines Augustan satire?

Critiques societal norms, politics, and human behavior with wit, humor, and irony

Whom does Goldsmith draw a clear parallel between in The Vicar of Wakefield?

Dr. Primrose and the Biblical figure Job

What is

The Primroses, though poor, are morally upright; the rich, in contrast, are often corrupt or foolish.

What genres does in Jane Austen's 'Northanger Abbey' combine

Critiques societal norms, politics, and human behavior with wit, humor, and irony