Unit 2 APUSH

This deck covers key terms and concepts from Unit 2 of U.S. History, focusing on the development of the British American colonies from the early 1600s through the mid-1700s. It includes major events, economic systems, religious movements, and social conflicts that shaped colonial society and laid the foundation for future American identity and revolution.

Jamestown (1607)

First permanent English colony in North America; founded for profit and saved by tobacco cultivation.

Mayflower Compact

1620 agreement by Pilgrims to form a self-governing community in Plymouth.

Puritans / Pilgrims

Religious groups that sought freedom from religious persecution in England and migrated to North America to establish their own communities.

John Winthrop

Leader of the Puritan colonists who founded Massachusetts Bay Colony. He envisioned a "City upon a Hill" as a model of Christian charity and community.

City Upon a Hill

Winthrop’s idea of a perfect Puritan society serving as a model for others.

Mercantilism

An economic theory that emphasizes government regulation of a nation's economy to augment state power. This includes maximizing exports and minimizing imports.

Navigation Acts

A series of laws enacted by England in the 17th century to regulate colonial trade and ensure that it benefited the mother country.

Triangular Trade

A complex system of transatlantic trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas, involving the exchange of slaves, raw materials, and manufactured goods.

Middle Passage

The brutal sea journey endured by enslaved Africans, transporting them from Africa to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade.

Chattel Slavery

A form of slavery where individuals are treated as personal property to be bought and sold, with no legal rights or autonomy.

Bacon’s Rebellion

A 1676 uprising in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon, protesting against Governor William Berkeley's policies towards Native Americans and the lack of protection for frontier settlers.

King Philip’s War

A conflict between New England colonists and Native American tribes led by Metacom, also known as King Philip, during 1675-1676. It was one of the bloodiest wars in colonial America, resulting in significant loss of life and territory for Native Americans.

First Great Awakening

A religious revival movement in the early to mid-18th century that emphasized personal faith and emotional engagement with religion, leading to the growth of new denominations and a more individualized approach to spirituality.

Jonathan Edwards / George Whitefield

Prominent preachers during the First Great Awakening, known for their fiery sermons that encouraged personal conversion and religious enthusiasm.

Salutary Neglect

A British policy in the 17th and 18th centuries that allowed the American colonies considerable autonomy and self-governance, leading to the development of an independent colonial economy and political structure.