Energy and Force Science 8th grade

This is a flashcards of definition of Energy and Force

Collision

When one crashes or runs into another object.

Energy

The capacity to do work, which is the ability to exert a force to cause an object to move over a distance.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

Kinetic Energy

The energy of motion or energy passed by an object by its motion.

Potential Energy

Stored energy or stored  energy and object by its motion.

Energy transfer

The process of moving energy from one location or form to another.

Energy transformation

When Energy is transformed from one form to another.

Sound energy

Waves of sound in the air from hitting a drum.

Thermal (heat) energy

Heat waves from a bonfire.

Contact force

Created between two touching objects.

Non contact force

Created between two non touching objects.(Gravity)

Deformation

When an object bends or change shape.

Gravity

Force of attraction between two objects based on mass and distance; Earth’s gravity pulls on all objects.

Newton(N)

Is the unit that describes the strength of a force.

Balanced forces

When the forces on an object produce a net force of 0 N, the forces are balanced. There is no change in the motion of the object.

Unbalanced forces

When the net force on an object is not 0 N, the forces on the object are unbalanced. They produce a change in motion of an object.

Net force

When all the forces acting on an object are added together, determine the net force on the object.

Friction

The force that opposes the motion between two surfaces that touch(contact).

Mass

The quality of matter in a body.

Speed

The rate at which something moves.

Distance

The amount of space between two things.

Elastic Collision

Kinetic energy remains the same after a collision.

Inelastic Collision

Kinetic energy is transformed into thermal energy, sound energy, and material deformation.

Elastic Limit

The maximum stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation.

Breaking Point

When a material breaks due to reaching maximum stress.

Force

A push or a pull. All forces have two properties: direction and strength.

Force Vectors

A vector is an arrow used to show the strength of a force.

Gravitational Potential

It is the energy an object has because of its height, or vertical position, relative to a zero point, which is often the ground or surface of a planet.

Elastic Potential

When you apply a force to an elastic object, you are doing work on it, and that work is stored as elastic potential energy.