Unit 3 Key Terms APUSH

Laila Frazier

The French and Indian war

The final war in the series of wars of France vs. Great Britain. The colonists fought on behalf of the British and Indians fought on behalf of France, hence the name

The Albany plan of Union

An intercolonial plan for colonial defense against the war

Treaty of Paris 1763

The Treaty that ended the America Revolution

Pontiac's rebellion

American Indians were angered by the westward movement of European settlers, so they attacked them

Proclamation of 1763

A boundary that prevented colonists from settling past west to keep peace with the Indians

Parliament

Legislature for the British government

Sugar act (1764)

A tax on foreign sugar and certain luxuries

Quartering act (1765)

Act required colonists to provide food and living quarters to British soldiers

The stamp act

Required that revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies, including newspapers, pamphlets, etc

Sons and daughters of Liberty

A secret society that was formed to intimidate tax agents

Townshend acts

Laws that were made to pay royal officials in colonies

Boston massacre

A crowd launched rocks, snow, etc at British soldiers which caused them to shoot and killing five people

Tea act

A law that made the price of tea cheaper than smuggled Dutch tea

Intolerable acts

Various laws that were a response to the Boston Tea Party, such as the Port act

Thomas Paine and common sense

An author named Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense, which argued that colonies should become independent from Great Britain

John Locke and the social contract

John Locke was a philosopher who believed in social contract- the idea that the government had to serve the people

Enlightenment

A period where people began questioning religion, government, etc and began relying more on human reason, logic, science etc.

Thomas Jefferson, the committee of five, and the Declaration of Independence

Five delegates, including Thomas Jefferson came together to write a statement, listing grievances against George III and calling for independence

Tories

People in the American colonies who were loyal to the British government

Patriots

People who fought against the British in the America Revolution

Battle of Saratoga

A battle in the American Revolution, where the colonists finally won against the British and gained an alliance with France

Battle of Yorktown

The first battle of the American Revolution

Treaty of Paris 1763

The treaty that ended the American revolution

Alliance W/ France 1778

This alliance turned the tide of the war and is one of the only reasons why the colonists won

Republican motherhood

The idea that the roles of women in society were to educate their children

The articles of confederation

The first governing document of the United States of America

Land ordinance of 1785

A policy for selling western lands

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A law that set rules for creating new states, such as prohibiting slavery.

Shay’s Rebellion

A rebellion lead by Daniel Shay, which fought because they were still unpaid by the government from the American Revolution

Constitutional Convention

A group of delegates who came together to debate and write the constitution

Federalism

The idea that a strong but limited central government was needed

Separation of Powers

Power being separated into three branches of government

Checks and Balances

A system for branches of government to check on each other’s power to ensure none overpowers the others

Virginia Plan

A plan that favored large states, that a state’s vote number would be based on population

New Jersey Plan

A plan that favored smaller states, that every state would only have one vote regardless of population

The Great Compromise

Provided a bicameral congress- the Senate and House of Representatives

3/5ths Compromise

Counted each enslaved individual as three-fifths of a person

Electoral College System

Electors from each state that vote on the president

The Federalist Papers

Highly persuasive essays written by Hamilton, Jay, and Madison to get people to vote for a Federalist government

Alexander Hamilton

A founding father that wrote the Federalist Papers

Bill of Rights

A legal document that lists the individual rights of a citizen of the United States of America

First Amendmemt

An amendment that protects the freedoms of speech, religion, petition, assembly, and press

Second Amendment

The amendment that protects the right to bear arms

Fifth Amendment

The amendment that tells you what you are charged with and disallows for double-jeapordy and self-incrimination

Tenth Amendment

Reserves power to the state

Judiciary Act of 1789

Established a Supreme Court with one chief judge and five other judges

Jay Treaty

A treaty where Britain agreed evacuate its occupation on posts

Whiskey Rebellion

After a tax was placed on whiskey, farmers rebelled angrily

Democratic Republican party

Opposed the Federalist party, lead by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, and wanted a weak central government

Federalist Party

Lead by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, supported the idea of a national bank

XYZ Affair

Anonymous French ministers (named X, Y, and Z) requested bribes in order to negotiate with American Delegations

Washington’s Farwell Address

A speech made by George Washington as he retired from presidency with the key points being: Do not engage in foreign affairs, Do not form political parties

Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin

An inventor named Eli Whitney created the cotton gin, which made separating the seed from the cotton fibers easier and increased slavery

Daniel Boone

An American pioneer who settled Kentucky

Indian Intercourse Act

A law that said only the federal government could have legal interactions with Native Americans