AP HUG: Unit 5 Agriculture

Cultivation

To care for and tend to plants.

The Columbia Exchange

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world.

Subsistence Agriculture

Production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family, common in developing countries.

Commercial Farming

Production of food primarily for sale off the farm, common in developed countries.

1st Agricultural Revolution

The birth of agriculture that led to people staying in one place, growing food, and developing societies.

2nd Agricultural Revolution

A period of increased industrialization in Europe, leading to the rise of commercial agriculture. (Industrial Revolution)

3rd Agricultural Revolution (Green Revolution)

A period characterized by the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to increase crop yields.

Field Rotation

A technique used in agriculture to grow different crops in the same area in sequenced seasons.

GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)

Organisms whose genetic material has been altered to enhance certain traits, such as crop yield and pest resistance.

Bid-Rent Theory

The theory that land prices vary based on distance from a market, influencing land use.

Von Thunen Theory

A model that explains agricultural land use in relation to distance from the market and transportation costs.

Women in Agriculture

Women represent a significant portion of the agricultural labor force, with varying challenges based on region.

Agriculture Controversies

Issues related to the costs, labor practices, healthiness of foods, and the implications of GMOs in agriculture.

Long Lots

A settlement pattern with long, narrow lots that extend from rivers or roads.

Metes and Bounds

A method of land description using physical boundaries and measurements.