Hematology Study guide
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43 Terms
What are 4 functions of blood?
Transports oxygen from lungs to body cells
. Regulate body temperature
. Maintains body H20 balance
. Carries nutrients & waste products
What is plasma?
Liquid portion of the blood
Blood consists of 90% what?
H20
What is serum?
Plasma without clotting factors
What is an erythrocyte?
Red blood cells (RBC)
What is the function of erythrocytes?
Carries oxygen, contains hemoglobin
What is the iron containing portion of an RBC that oxygen binds itself to?
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
What test measures O2 carrying capacity of blood?
Hgb testing
What test measures the overall volume of RBC’s by measuring the number of packed cells?
Hematocrit (RBC) testing
IF a hematocrit tube has a red line it also contains what?
Anticoagulant
What does a blue line indicate?
Plain / no additives
What causes iron(Fe) deficiency anemia?
Results from low iron or severe blood loss
What is the recommended amount of iron for women to consume daily?
2mg/a day
What is an ESR?
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. measures the rate at which RBC’s settle out of plasma in one hr
What may an elevated ESR indicate?
Possible infection; Inflammatory conditions such as arthritis
How is the test to determine ESR performed?
Tube is filled w/blood and allowed to stand vertical 30 min-1 hr
What is a leukocyte?
White blood cells (WBCs)
What is a leukocytes function?
To fight infections
What is a platelet?
A thrombocyte
What is a platelets function?
Aids in blood clotting
What does a PT or PTT determine?
Clotting rate
What does CBC stand for?
Complete blood count
What color tube is typically used for CBC testing?
Lavender
A CBC w/diff also includes what?
Breakdown of WBC types, ( 5 types )
What are the four main blood types?
A, B, AB, O
What blood type is the universal donor?
O neg
What blood type is the universal recipient?
AB positive
Where are adult capillary punctures typically performed?
Ring or middle finger
Where are capillary punctures typically performed on infants?
On the heel
Where are adult venipunctures typically performed?
Antecubital fossa
What gauge needle is typically used for venipunctures?
21-22g
What angle are venipunctures performed at?
15 degree angle
What is the purpose of syringe draws?
We control vacuum pressure, used for delicate or fragile veins
What is the purpose of butterfly draws?
Purpose of drawing on small or difficult veins also used on peds
Where is venous blood obtained in infants?
On the scalp
What is the most common vein to be used for a venipuncture?
Median cubital
What device is used to spin blood and urine at high rates of speed?
Centrifuge
What is the purpose of spinning blood?
To separate the components by solids and liquids
What are some rules for centrifuge usage?
Make sure tubes are balanced
. No cracked tubes in centrifuge
. Don’t open during operation
Why is a tourniquet used in blood drawing?
It is used to make the veins more prominent.
How long should a tourniquet be left on?
No longer than 1 min
Define hemoconcentration
Pooling of red blood cells
What is the correct drawing order and additives for following tubes
Yellow: SSR (Sodium Polyanethole Sulfonate)
Blue: (PT or PTT) (sodium citrate)
Marble: No additive but does have gel separator
Red: No additives
Green: (heparin)
Lavender: (EDTA)
Gray: (potassium oxalate)
Note 
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