Face, Nose, Mouth, Mastication

Craniofascial muscles are innervated by

Craniofascial muscles are innervated by

CN VII except temporalis

Craniofascial muscle are essential for?

chewing, closing/opening, and facial expressions

Temporal branches of facial nerve

frontalis, orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilli

Zygomatic branches of facial nerve

orbicularis oculi

Buccal branches of facial nerve

orbicularis oculi, buccinator, zygomaticus

Marginal mandibular branches of facial nerve

mentalis, depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris

Cervical branches of facial nerve

platysma

Sensory innervation of face

Trigeminal nerve (superior to inferior, V1 to V3)

Temporomandibular joint

hinge, ball and socket, gliding, double synovial joint

TMJ ligaments

2 short ligaments that support the TMJ and prevent dislocation and 2 longer prevent excessive depression

Sensory and motor innervation of TMJ

V3, V3 motor(auriculotemporal, nerves to masseter and temporalis m)

Muscles that close the jaw

temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid

Muscles that grind food with molars

Medial and lateral pterygoid

Muscles that open jaw

Lateral pterygoid

Inferior alveolar n.

sensory through mandible

Lingual n.

tongue, general sensory anterior 2/3

Buccal n.

sensory cheek

Auriculotemporal n.

sensory general ear twds. mandible

PNS glossopharyngeal fibers run with this nerve to innervate parotid gland

Otic ganglia

Inferior to ovale, where synapses occur for PNS to innervate parotid

Bony framework of nose

nasal bones, nasal portions of frontal, frontal portions of maxillary

Turbinids

entirety of mucosa covering meatus and concha

create turbulence

Fxn. of paranasal sinuses

Lighten skull

warm/humidify air

1st line of defense against pathogens

provide resonance to voice

Bones of nasal septum

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

vomer

perpendicular plate of palatine

Semilunar hiatus

openings of frontal, maxillary, and anterior ethmoidal sinuses

Ethmoid bulla

opening of the middle ethmoid sinus

Primary blood flow for nose

sphenopalatine artery

Sites for nose bleed

Kiesselbach’s plexus(Little’s area, most common, anterior)

Woodruff’s plexus(posterior site)

Sinus for potential infection

cavernous sinus as it drains into cranial cavity

Pterygoid plexus as it drains into infratemporal fossa

Borders of oral cavity

Lateral: buccinator

Superior: hard and soft palate

Inferior: tongue

Sensory innervation of oral cavity

Trigeminal V2: palate, upper teeth and gums

V3: lower teeth, gums, sub floor, and ant. 2/3 tongue

Intrinsic tongue muscles

longitudinal, transverse, vertical

change shape/curl tongue

Extrinsic muscles of tongue

Genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, geniohyoidus

genioglossus

stick out tongue

hyoglossus

depress tongue (ahh)

Styloglossus

creates funnel

geniohyoidus

initiates swallowing

Tongue sensory innervation

Ant. 2/3: general (lingual), taste(corda tympani)

Pos. 2/3: lingual division of glossopharyngeal

Parotid glands

innervated by auriculotemporal branch of CN IX

Duct crosses masseter pierces buccinator around upper 2nd molars

Soft palate muscles

levator veli palatini

tensor veli palatini

palatopharyngeus

palatoglossus

Fxn. of soft palate

elevate, depress, retract for chewing, swallowing, and air flow

Innervation of soft palate

somatic motor from branch of vagus, accessory, and glossopharyngeal