Mitosis and Cell Division

These flashcards cover key concepts around cell division, mitosis, and asexual reproduction to aid in exam preparation.

What is prophase in mitosis?

Prophase is the first stage of mitosis where chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

Why is cell division important?

Cell division is crucial for growth and development, tissue repair, and the replacement of old cells.

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, duplicating the cell's genetic material.

What is cytokinesis?

Cytokinesis is the final step of mitosis where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two new daughter cells.

What occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

In anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart and moved toward opposite poles of the cell.

What are the outcomes of mitosis?

Mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.

Define asexual reproduction and provide an example.

Asexual reproduction is a process where an organism replicates itself without the involvement of gametes; an example is binary fission in bacteria.

What is the role of centrioles in cell division?

Centrioles are involved in organizing the mitotic spindle and are crucial for the separation of chromosomes during cell division.

What are the four stages of mitosis?

The four stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

How does vegetative propagation occur in plants?

Vegetative propagation occurs through the plant's vegetative parts, such as leaves, roots, stems, and buds, allowing asexual reproduction.