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what is ionic bonding?
an electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
what is an electrostatic force?
a force of attraction between particles with opposite charges (positive and negative)
what is an ionic compound?
an ionic compound occurs when a negative ion joins with a positive ion
what is an ionic lattice?
the regular arrangement of ions in an ionic substance
when do ions form?
when atoms lose or gain electrons to get a full outer shell
how do metal ions form?
they lose electrons to form positively charged ions
how to non-metal ions form?
they gain electrons to form negatively charged ions
WHEN METAL ATOMS REACT WITH NON-METAL ATOMS, THEY TRANSFER ELECTRONS TO THE NON-METAL ATOM
how is a giant ionic lattice held together?
it is held together by strong electrostatic attractions between the oppositely charged ions
what is used to represent ionic compounds?
the 3D space-filling model shows the arrangement of ions in one layer but doesn’t show the layers behind, the 3D ball and stick model shows the arrangement of ions inside the structure, however this model is misleading because it shows free space between the ions when there isn’t any
how do you work out the formulae of an ionic compound?
from its dot-cross diagram, from every 1 sodium there is 1 chloride ion, so the formulae is NaCI from a lattice diagram, for every green CI- there is a black Na+ ion, so the formula is NaCI
what are the properties of ionic compounds?
high melting points-the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions is strong/ conducting electricity-the ions are in a fixed position and are not free to move and carry charge
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