organic chemistry - chapter 5

chiral

has a mirror image that is not identical to it

enantiomers

a pair of chiral objects

same compound just different configurations

chiral carbons

bonded to 4 different groups

CH are candidates

priority numbers

high priority goes to atom with highest atomic number

R configuration

clockwise

S configuration

counter clockwise

priority ranking

COOH > CHO > CH2OH

flip the configuration

when H isn’t away from us

d +

clockwise optical isomer

l -

counter clockwise optical isomer

vertical in fischer projection

away from the viewer

place most oxidized carbon up top

horizontal in fischer projection

towards the viewer

place least oxidized carbon at the bottom

diastereomers

when you flip only one chiral center’s horizontal in fishcer projection