Trunk/Spinal Column- Strength Training

how many vertebrae in each section?

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacrum, 4 coccyx

where do most spinal movements occur?

cervical and lumbar

what section of the spine moves the head?

cervical

what part of the spine is most responsible for breathing?

thoracic

where does most cervical rotation occur?

atlantoaxial joint

thoracic spine curves…

anteriorly, concave

cervical and lumbar spine curves…

posteriorly, convex

what is unique about the abdominal wall muscles?

they do not go from bone to bone but attach into fascia

what are the 3 muscles the erector spinae is divided into?

I LOVE SPINAL! from lateral to medial- iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

what do the large abdominal muscles assist in?

lumbar (lower back) movements

what are the 4 abdominal wall muscles?

rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis

deep muscles for cervical flexion

longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitits lateralis

which muscles laterally flexes the head?

rectus capitis lateralis

deep muscles for cervical extension

rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliques capitis superior, semispinalis capitis

what muscle rotates the atlas?

obliques capitis inferior

what muscle assists the rectus capitis lateralis in lateral flexion of the head?

obliques capitis superior

two main large muscles that move the head

splenius capitis and sternocleidomastoid

what muscle is involved almost entirely in respiration?

diaphragm

SCM: when both sides are activated…

extension and flexion of neck

SCM: when the right side is activated…

rotation to the left and lateral flexion to the right

SCM: when the left side is activated…

rotation to right and lateral flexion to left

splenius muscles: when both sides are activated…

extension of head and neck

splenius muscles: when the right side is activated…

rotation and lateral flexion to the right

splenius muscles: when the left side is activated…

rotation and lateral flexion the the left

what muscle stabilizes the pelvis and lumbar spine?

quadratus lumborum

rectus abdominis: when both sides are activated…

lumbar flexion, posterior pelvic rotation (tips backward)

rectus abdominis: when the left or right side is activated…

weak lateral flexion

external oblique: when both sides are activated…

lumbar flexion and posterior pelvic rotation (tips backwards)

external oblique: when the right side is activated…

lumbar lateral flexion to right, rotation to left, lateral pelvic rotation to left

external oblique: when the left side is activated…

lumbar lateral flexion to left, rotation to right, lateral pelvic rotation to right

internal oblique: when both sides are activated…

lumbar flexion, posterior pelvic rotation

internal oblique: when the right side is activated…

lumbar lateral flexion to right, rotation to right, lateral pelvic rotation to left

internal oblique: when the left side is activated…

lumbar lateral flexion to left, rotation to left, lateral pelvic rotation to right

transversus abdominis function

forced expiration by pulling abdominal wall inward

muscle involved in cervical flexion

sternocleidomastoid

muscles involved in cervical extension

erector spinae group, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis

muscles involved in cervical lateral flexion

sternocleidomastoid, erector spinae group, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis

muscles involved in cervical rotation

sternocleidomastoid, erector spinae group, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis

muscles involved in lumbar flexion

rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique

muscles involved in lumbar extension

erector spinae group, quadratus lumborum

muscles involved in lumbar lateral flexion

erector spinae group, rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, quadratus lumborum

muscles involved in lumbar rotation

erector spinae group, external oblique, internal oblique, quadratus lumborum