Obesity (guest lecturer)

define obesity

excess of body fat frequently resulting in significant impairment of health and longevity

what is the largest endocrine organ

adipose tissue

what are biological complications of obesity

• insulin resistance

• beta cell dysfunction

• cardiovascular disease

• endothelial dysfunction

what are medical complications of obesity

• pulmonary disease

• stroke

• fatty liver disease

• gallstones

• cancer

• skin disorders

• gout

• intracranial hypertension

• cognitive dysfunction

• cataracts

• coronary heart disease

• diabetes

• dyslipidaemia

• hypertension

• gynaecologic abnormalities

• osteoarthritis

• phlebitis

benefits of modest intentional weight loss

• improvement in comorbid diseases

• improved quality of life

• decreased health care costs

• decreased surgical complication rates

what gut peptides are found in the duodenum

• cholecystokinin

• secretin

• GIP

• motilin

what gut peptides are found in stomach

• Ghrelin

• Gastrin

what gut peptides are found in pancreas

• insulin

• glucagon

• pancreatic polypeptide

• amylin

what gut peptides are found in large intestine

• GLP-1

• GLP-2

• Oxyntomodulin

• PYY3-36

what hormone signals hunger

Ghrelin

which hormones have anorexigenic effect on feeding

• CCK

• PYY

• GLP-1

• Amylin

in what circumstances is leptin reduced? what is the effect of this?

in response to reduction in calories and weight loss→ increases appetite