Fit assess Exam 3

Proprioception

Knowing where body is in space

Proprioception, visual, vestibular

What things contribute to sensory integration in the CNS

Stability

the state of remaining unchanged even in the presence of forces that would normally change the state or condition

A stable base from which force are trasferred, adequate muscluar capacity (Strenght and endurace), and CNS motor programming

For optimal stabilization strategies, what is required

Gross movement

Mobilization =

Joint Stabilization

Stabilizers =

The posture of the spine in which the overall internal stresses in the spinal column & muscular effort to hold the posture are minimal.

What is Neutral position and why is it so important?

optimizes muscle length tension and timing of contraction, decreases compression and shear forces

What does neutral position do for the body

Wall plank and roll, Rolling pattern

What are ways of integrative assessment and corrections

hi-Low

What is one way to test your diaphrgmatic breathing patterns

self compression of soft tissue; decreases mechanoreceptor firing rate, increases ROM without performance

What is self-myofacial release and what are its perks

Stability, Mobility, proprioception

It is critical for the EP to recognize that ___, ____ and ____ are requisite features of tehe motor patterning nd collectivly serve as the foundation for strength and function development

72

__% of the US population is classified as overweight/obese (BMI > 25 kg/m)

40

___% are classified as obese (BMI > 30 kg/m)

7

___% are classified as severely obese (BMI >40 kg/m)

1.9 Billion

how many people are overweight

Caloric Consumption

Overweight and Obesity are typically the result of excess _____ _____ and or inadequate energy expenditure

CVD

Obesity is often associated with premature mortality from ____ and other disease such as cancer

metabolic syndrome and and increase in risk for disease

Central obesity is associated with

health care cost

adults with obesity spend more than 42% on ___ than adults with a healthy weight

10-22%

What is the appropriate body fat percentage for males

20-32%

What is the appropriate body fat percentage for females

False

T/F: Athletes can use the same BMI scale as an average adult

Neural development (makes up cell membranes), Insulation/protection, Vitamin absorption, High energy content ( 9 cals per gram)

What are some reasons not all fat is bad?

BMI, Circumfrences, skinfolds, BIA/DEXA

examples of Anthropometric measurments

Health implications, Boyd weight recommendations, Describe populations

Why should one measure their body composition?

Underweight, Normal, Overweight, Obese

What are the BMI classifications

<18.5 kg/m

What is considered Underweight?

18.5 - 24.9 kg/m

What is considered Normal weight?

25.0-29.9 kg/m

What is considered Overweight?

>30 kg/m

What is considered Obese?

85, 90

In children and adolescents, overweight is defined as the ___ to ___ percentile of BMI for age and sex

fat, fat free mass

BMI does not differentiate between ___ and ___.

population

BMI is a popular tool for ______ based assessments

adjunt to other measures, easily understood, can be used with extremely obese individuals

what are some pros of using a circumference measurements?

Central (android/apple), Gynoid ( hip and thigh)

____ obesity is linked to a greater risk of CVD than ____ obesity.

Waist / Hip

What is the Waist to Hip ration calculation

increase

Health risk ____ as WHR increases

> 0.5

in the waist hip ratio, the risk of cardiometabolic disease is increased when the WHR is ____

independent

Waist circumference is ____ of BMI

to determine the amount of subcutaneous fat

what are skin fold measurements used for

1. Approximately one third of total body fat is located subcutaneously.

2. The amount of subcutaneous fat is proportional to total body fat.

Skin fold measurements are based on the assumptions that

+-3.5%

The accuracy of predicting the percent body fat from skinfolds is ___

millimeters (mm)

Skinfolds are measured in

Population (invasisve procedure), Population size (15-20 mins), Accuracy (3.5% accuracy), Expense( $10-$200), Sources of error ( training status, hydration status or person)

What are some factors to consider when taking skinfold measurements?

False

T/F: There is a universal way to measure body comp.

Hydration of the individual

What factors plays a huge role in BIA (bioelectrical impedance anysis)

total body water

a BIA estimates ___, and relies on regression equations to estimate boyd fat

no eating or drinking within 4 hours, no alc withing 48 hours, no exercise within 12hours , no diuretic meds within 7 days, vlid bladder 30 mins prior to test, use same instrument over time

What are some suggested guidlines for BIA

Population (non-invasive), population size (<5mins), accuracy (fairly accurate +- 4%), Expense ($35-$3,500), Sources of error (hydration status of person, climate)

What are some factors to consider for BIA

regression equations

Skinfolds and BIA are based off of ___

hydrostatic weighing, DEXA

More accurate ways of testing for body comp.

Does not require assumptions of biological constacies of fat & fat free components

What is a perk of DEXA?

DEXA

If you want to find bone mineral density, what method is prefered?

Density (D=Mass/volume)

What does underwater weighing quantify

Archimedes principle

What does Underwater weighting relate to

a body submerged in water will lose an amount of water equal to the weight of the water displaced.(The weight of the displaced fluid is directly proportional to the volume of the displaced fluid.

What does archimedes principle say

equal

In Archimedes principle, The upward buoyant force is ____ to the weight of the fluid it displces

Fat free component, and Fat components

UWW is based on a two-component model. What are these components