mini test fermentation and respiration

oxygen

final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration

nitrate or sulfate

final electron receptor in anaerobic respiration

catalase test

converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, creates bubbles

cytochrome C oxidase

main function is to remove electrons and transfer them to oxygen (reduces)

oxidase test

detects sytochrome c oxidase

in a positive reaction the reagent is oxidized and will turn blue

nitrate broth

detects nitrate reductase which reduces nitrate to nitrite

negative reaction

what does a red nitrate broth result indicate only after zinc was added

catalase

is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, helping to protect cells from oxidative damage.

aerobic respiration naturally produces hydrogen peroxide so they need ____ to break it down into water and oxygen

cytochrome c

the oxidase test is specifically for the ______ oxidase

fermenter

if an organism is a ____you need to add reagents to confirn if reduction really happened

semisolid medium

agar that is useful for testing microaerophiles because it has an oxygen gradient so the microaerophile will grow right at the location where the oxygen gradient is best for its survival

phenol red and durham tube

indicators in phenol red broth

fermentation

in phenol red broth if an organism undergoes ________ the phenol red turns yellow and the durham tube will have a gas bubble

KIA

tests for lactose/glucose fermentation, sulfur reduction

1.0% 0.1%

carbohydrate sources in KIA

____ lactose and _____ glucose

phenol red

indicator in KIA

yellow

in KIA media if both glucose and lactose are fermented, the entire tube will turn

gas

in KIA media, cracking of the media is due to

butt turns yellow

in KIA media, if only glucose is fermented the __________ while the rest stays red

black

in KIA media, if sulfur is reduced, the butt of the tube will turn _____