Origins of prosocial behaviour

Altruism?

Selfless behaviour that involves prioritizing another persons well being or benefits them in some way without expecting anything back

Kin selection theory?

The degree of altruism that one demonstrates depends on the number of genes that is shared by individuals (natural selction)

Limitations of kin selection?

• How do we know that someone shares genes with us

• Many example of altruism occur where members of ones out group is helped

• We are more likely to help kin because we are psyhically closer

Inclusive fitness?

Alturism causes an organism to behave in a way that sacrifices themselves if the health of the other person benefits the gene pool

Limitations of genetic arguments for alturism?

• Demand characteristics may affect results

• Replication make it un-reliable

• Twin studies with self reporting data

Empathy altruism hypothesis?

Peopl act to help other based of empathic feelings and genuine concern for well being 

Egoistic helping?

To benefit your ego

Altruisitc helping?

Genuine help from empathy

Negative state relief model?

Empathy for a victim brings increased sadness for the observer and it is the egoistic relief of sadness rather than altruistic motivation to relieve suffering in the victim that motivates helping

Factors influencing bystanderism?

• The number of people present

• Informational social influence-Believing other people would take care of the situation

• Cultural differences

• Arousal cost reward model-Arousal triggers cost benefit analyses

• Law of social impact-Strength of the situation, immediacy of the situation and amount of people present

Bystander Intervention programs?

Programs designed to encourage individuals to step in and help when they witness harmful, risky, or emergency situations

Digital Media and Prosocial Behaviour?

 Using digital platforms to promote helping behaviors, cooperation, and empathy.

Empathy Training?

 Structured programs that teach individuals to understand, share, and respond to others’ emotions in compassionate ways.

Immersive Journalism and Prosocial Behaviour?

A form of journalism that uses virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), or 360° videos to immerse audiences in real-world experiences.