5- Rizal’s Education in University of Santo Tomas

( 1877-1882 )

The years Rizal spent his education in UST?

Philosophy and Letters

Rizal enrolled in University of Santo Tomas taking the course on?

Doña Teodora, who new of what happened to GOMBURZA vigorously opposed the idea and told her husband:

- Don’t send him to Manila again; he knows enough. If he gets to know more, the Spaniards will cut off his head

Mother's opposition to higher education

(1) his father liked it

(2) he was still uncertain as to what career to pursue

He enrolled in Philosophy and Letter because:

Father Pablo Ramon

Rector of the Ateneo

Father Pablo Ramon

This person was asked by Rizal about his choice of a career.

surveying and agriculture

During his first year term in UST, Rizal also took up?

"perito agrimensor"

expert surveyor

age of 17

Rizal's age when he passed the final examination in the surveying course.

November 25, 1881 (21 years old)

date (Rizal had the title of "expert surveyor" / "perito agrimensor")

Having received the Ateneo Rector’s advice to study medicine and wanted to treat the failing eyesight of his mother, Rizal decided to take up medicine.

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Miss L
Leonor Valenzuela
Leonor Rivera

Romances of Jose Rizal with Other Girls

Miss L

"A fair lady from Calamba with seductive and attractive eyes."

Miss L

After visiting her in her house several times, he suddenly stopped his wooing, and the romance died natural death

The sweet memory of Segunda was still fresh in his head
His father did not like the family of "Miss L"

Reasons for his change of heart with Miss L:

Orang

Nickname of Leonor Valenzuela

Leonor Valenzuela / Orang

Daughter of Capitan Juan and Capitana Sanday Valenzuela of Pagsanjan Laguna.

Capitan Juan and Capitana Sanday Valenzuela of Pagsanjan Laguna.

parents of Leonor Valenzuela / Orang

Leonor Valenzuela / Orang

"A tall girl with regal bearing."

Rizal was a welcome visitor in the Valenzuela home, where he was the life of the social parties because of his magical tricks.

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Leonor Valenzuela / Orang

He sent her love notes with invisible ink to? *WHO?

But, as with Segunda, he stopped short of proposing marriage to Orang.

Reasons for his change of heart with Miss Leonor Valenzuela:

Leonor Rivera

Rizal's cousin from Camiling, Tarlac (one of his girls)

Leonor Rivera

Daughter of his uncle Antonio Rivera

Antonio Rivera (uncle of Rizal)

father of Leonor Rivera

Leonor Rivera

- A student from La Concordia

- “A frail, pretty girl tender as budding flower with kindly, wistful eyes.”

Taimis

In her letter to Rizal, Leonor signed her name as ____ in order to hide their intimate relationship from their parents and friends.

Leonor Rivera

Rizal was engaged with her.

Liceo Artistico Literario de Manila (Artistic-Literary Lyceum) in 1879.

Rizal joined a literary contest with his work “To The Filipino Youth" among mestizos and Filipinos sponsored by the?

NOTE: won the first prize

feather shaped silver pen decorated with a gold ribbon

He submitted his poem "To The Filipino Youth" and won the first prize.

What is the prize?

(1) to rise from lethargy,

(2) to let their genius fly swifter than the wind and descend with art and science

(3) to break the chains that have long bound the spirit of the people

"To The Filipino Youth"

In an exquisite verses, Rizal beseeched the Filipino youth:

(1) It was the first great poem in Spanish written by a Filipino, whose merit was recognized by Spanish literary authorities and

(2) It expressed his nationalistic concept that the Filipino youth is the “fair hope of my Motherland” *ANG KABATAAN ANG PAGASA NG BAYAN

This winning poem of Rizal (“To The Filipino Youth") is a classic in Philippine literature because:

A La Juventud Filipina

"To The Filipino Youth" in Spanish

Miguel de Cervantes

the national poet of Spain

"El Consejo de los Dioses" (The Council of the Gods).

The play in poetic prose which narrates the meeting of the gods on mount Olympus, presided over by Jupiter with goddesses as to who the greatest poet was- Homer, Virgil or Cervantes

"El Consejo de los Dioses" (The Council of the Gods)

The title of Jose Rizal's play in the fourth centenary of the death of Miguel de Cervantes, the national poet of Spain.

Jupiter

He was the final judge who measured the values of each poet's masterpiece in "El Consejo de los Dioses" (The Council of the Gods).

trumpet - Homer
lyre - Virgil
laurel - Cervantes

Jupiter's evaluation showed that all three works were equal value:

trumpet -
lyre -
laurel -

gold ring, with the bust of Cervantes carved in cameo on top

Rizal's prize in the fourth centenary of the death of Miguel de Cervantes, the national poet of Spain.

 Junto Al Pasig (Beside the Pasig) - ZARZUELA

 A Filipinas - SONNET

 Abd-el-Azis y Mahoma - POEM

 Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon - POEM

Other Literary Works of Rizal

Junto Al Pasig (Beside the Pasig -
A Filipinas -
Abd-el-Azis y Mahoma -
Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon -

Junto Al Pasig

Beside the Pasig in Spanish

Junto Al Pasig (Beside the Pasig)

- On 1880 , when he was 19 years old; the Jesuits asked Rizal to collaborate in the preparations for the annual feast of Immaculate Concepcion.

- Showed Filipinism, manifesting a nostalgia for the country’s past or the period previous to the arrival of the Spaniards, a land which now” fall off under the power of foreign people”.

The oppressive racial discrimination at the University of Santo Tomas gave Rizal an idea for his one-act-play “Junto al Pasig” ( Beside the Pasig ).

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Junto Al Pasig (Beside the Pasig)

He satirized the priest in the person of a devil who sought adoration, and he described Spain as impious and pictured her as the cause of the unhappiness of his once rich and happy country. When the play was staged the Jesuits simply laughed at the clever satire, but some friars took it as a grave insult.

A Filipinas

- For the album of the Society of Sculptors

- Rizal urged all Filipino artists to glorify the Philippine

Abd-el-Azis y Mahoma

It was declaimed by an Atenean Manuel Fernandez in honor of the Ateneo’s Patroness.

Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon

An expression of Rizal’s affection to Father Pablo Ramon, the Ateneo rector, who had been so kind and helpful to him.

Birhen Maria de los Dolores (Turumba)

famous shrine in Pakil, Laguna

Vicenta Ybardolaza

She was from Pakil, Laguna. A pretty college girl who skilfully plays the harp.

NOTE: Rizal was infatuated with her.

Pagsanjan, Laguna

native town of Leonor Valenzuela

Compañerismo

secret society of Filipino students in UST

Companions of Jehu

members of Compañerismo were called?

Leonor Rivera

Who tenderly washed and dressed his wound on his head after a fight with the arrogant Spanish students.

Rizal was the champion of the Filipino students in their frequent fights against the arrogant Spanish students. Hostility between these two groups of students exploded in angry street rumbles where Rizal himself participated.

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(1) the Dominican professors were hostile to him

(2) the Filipino students were racially discriminated against by the Spaniards

(3) the method of instruction was obsolete (outdated) and repressive.

Rizal was unhappy at this Dominican institution of higher learning (UST) because:

- Because of the unfriendly attitude of his professors, Rizal the most brilliant graduate of the Ateneo, failed to win scholastic honors.

- Although his grades in the first year of the philosophy course were all “excellent,” they were not impressive in the four years of his medical course

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- He could no longer endure the rampant bigotry, discrimination, and hostility in UST.
- He wanted to finish his medical studies.
- He sought to fulfill his secret mission

After finishing the fourth year of his medical course, Rizal decided to study in Spain because:

He did not seek permission from his parents and his beloved Leonor Rivera to study abroad

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