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clergy

Church officials

religious order

A group or people who dedicate their lives to religion and follow common rules.

Francis of Assisi

Italian saint, he encouraged people to be kind to others and founded the franciscan order.

friars

People who belonged to religious orders but lived and worked among the general public

Thomas of Aquinas

Dominican philosopher, he argued that rational thought be used to support christian beliefs

Natural law

A law that people believed god had created to govern how the world operated

Magna Carta

A document signed in 1215 by king john of England that req Uired the king to honor certain rights

Parliament

The highest law making body in the united kingdom today

Hundred Years’ War

A  long conflict between england and france that lasted from 1337 to 1453

Joan of Arc

French peasant girl, she rallied the frech trops during the hundred years war.

Black Death

A deadly plague that swept through europe between 1347 and 1351

heresy

religious ideas that oppose accepted church teachings

Reconquista

The effort of christian kingdomsin northern spian to retake land from the moors during the middle ages

King Ferdinand

King of Spain; he and his wife, Isabella, completed the Reconquista. They forced Jews in Spain either to become Christian or to leave. Ferdinand and Isabella also banned Islam.

Queen Isabella

Queen of Spain; she helped complete the Reconquista. She and her husband banned Islam and forced all Jews in Spain either to become Christian or to leave. She also paid for the voyages of Christopher Columbus.

Spanish Inquisition

an organization of priests in Spain that looked for and punished people suspected of secretly practicing their old religion