Failed Question Bank - Chem

What is the maximum number of electrons that can be held in the third energy level?

18

• 3s + 3d + 3p or 2e + 10e + 6e = 18e

• The third energy level refers to the orbitals with 3 in front of the.

How do you determine a possible set of quantum numbers

What is an Ionic Bond?

formed when electrons are transferred between atoms, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract one another.

Lattice energy increase as

Charge number increases and ion size decreases

• Going down and left on the periodic table

Intramolecular forces

• Covalent Bonds

• Ionic Bonds

• Metallic Bonds

Intermolecular forces

• London Dispersion Forces

• Dipole-Dipole Forces

• Ion-Dipole Forces

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy required to remove an electron.

(1st is one electron, 2nd is two, 3rd is three, ect.)

Binary Acid Trend

The trend in acid strength for binary acids (HX). Increases as you go to the right and down the periodic table.

How is acid strength related to bond dissociation energy?

As acid strength increases, the bond dissociation energy decreases (because acids like to dissociate into ions).

Bond dissociation energy

The amount of energy required to break a bond in a molecule

What groups react with pure oxygen?

Which group reacts more vigorously with oxygen?

1. Group 1 elements and Group 2 elements

2. Group 1 elements

Transition metals form ___ compounds due to the presence of partially filled d orbitals.

colorful

atoms with a +1 charge have undergone their

first ionization energy

Ionization energy greatly increase once

the octet is formed

When dealing with isoelectric (Same # of e- ) atoms, the atom with the smallest atomic radius has?

The most amount of protons

Alkali metal properties

• Silvery white metals

• High conductivity

• Low melting points

How to find new bond length given bond lengths of other molecules

1. divide the bond lengths by 2

2. Add both (bond length/2) together to find new atom bond length

Characteristics of metals

• low ionization energies

• low electronegativity

• Tend to lose electrons and form positively charged ions

What is electron affinity?

The energy released when an atom gains an electron. Tends to increase going up and to the right of the periodic table

Ionization increases-

going up and to the right of the periodic table

Name the metals, metalloids, and nonmetals

Name the series in the periodic table

• Alkali metals

• Alkaline earth metals

• Transition metals

• Post transition metals

• Metalloids

• Nonmetals

• Halogens

• Noble gases

• Lanthanides

• Actinides

What is the trend for elements that are able to have an expanded octet?

What are commons elements that have expanded octets?

Elements that are beyond period 3. Common elements include phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine.

When do you use the combined gas law?

When a starting set of conditions and ending set of conditions is given for the variables P, V, T, or n

Gases act ideally under five specific assumptions

1. The volume of individual gas molecules is considered to be negligible.

2. There are no intermolecular attractions or repulsions between the gas molecules.

3. Gas particles are always in continuous and random motion.

4. Collisions between gas particles are elastic. Therefore, there is no net loss or gain of kinetic energy when the particles collide.

5. The average kinetic energy is always the same for all gases at a specific temperature, regardless of the identity of the gas.

Hydrogen is _-atomic, and Helium is _-atomic

diatomic; monoatomic

1 atm = ? torr = ? mmHg = ? Pa = ? kPa

1 atm = 760 torr = 760 mmHg = 101,325 Pa = 101.325 kPa

How to distinguish R value based on pressure

If the pressure is in atm, r = 0.08206. If the pressure is in kPa, r = 8.314

As the temperature of a gas is lowered, the rate of condensation __.

increases; inversely related

A gas becomes less ideal as-

temperature decreases

What causes the pressure of a gas in a container to increase when the volume is decreased at a constant temperature?

The molecules strike the container more often due toreduced space, increasing pressure.