Chapter 7: Reaction Rates + Equilibrium

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the lecture on reaction rates and equilibrium, summarizing important definitions, principles, and calculations relevant to chemical kinetics.

What is Chemical Kinetics?

The area of chemistry concerned with reaction rates and the sequence of steps by which reactions occur.

How is the reaction rate calculated?

The reaction rate is calculated by the increase in the concentration of a product or the decrease in the concentration of a reactant over a unit of time.

What are the factors that affect reaction rates?

The factors include nature of the reaction (type of bond), reaction concentration, reaction temperature, and the presence of a catalyst.

What does the presence of a catalyst do to a reaction?

It lowers the activation energy required for the reaction, increasing the reaction rate.

Define Activation Energy.

The minimum energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.

What is the effective collision?

A collision between two molecules that results in a chemical reaction.

What does a first order reaction indicate?

The rate is directly proportional to the concentration of one reactant.

What is Chemical Equilibrium?

The state when the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time, where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.

What does Le Chatelier's Principle state?

If a stress is applied to a reaction at equilibrium, the system will shift in the direction to counter the disturbance.

How does changing temperature affect equilibrium in endothermic and exothermic reactions?

In endothermic reactions, adding heat shifts the equilibrium to the products; in exothermic reactions, adding heat shifts it to the reactants.