Freshwater Ecology n

Precipitation Surface Runoff Transpiration Infiltration Percolation Evaporation Condensation Evapotranspiration Sublimation Biogeochemical cycling Biotic Abiotic Producer Consumer Decomposer Source Tributaries Mouth Upper, middle, lower course River morphology Channel Braided channel Meander Riverbed Flood plain Stream Bed Marshes Swamps Bogs Pond Riffles Riparian Zone Run/glide Lotic Lentic Littoral zone Profundal Zone Limnetic zone Benthic zone Photic/Aphotic Pool Plankton Nekton Decomposers Benthos Atmosphere Biosphere Geosphere Hydrosphere Pedosphere Residence time Water Budget Potential evapotranspiration Lake Stratification Lake turnover Eutrophic lake Oligotrophic lake Reservoir (storage)

Precipitation

is any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface. It is a crucial component of the water cycle, influencing freshwater ecosystems by affecting water availability and quality.

Evaporation

is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor, typically occurring when water is heated by the sun. This process is a key part of the water cycle, contributing to the movement of water from freshwater bodies into the atmosphere.

Transpiration

is the process by which water is absorbed by plant roots, moves through plants, and is released as vapor through small pores in leaves. This process plays a significant role in the water cycle and affects moisture levels in freshwater ecosystems.

Biosphere

is the global sum of all ecosystems, where life exists, encompassing land, water, and the atmosphere. It includes interactions between organisms and their environment within various ecosystems, influencing biodiversity and ecological processes.

Geosphere 

is the solid part of the Earth, including the crust and upper mantle, representing the terrestrial component of the planet's systems. It interacts with the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, affecting geological processes and supporting life.

Hydrosphere

is the total amount of water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater. It plays a crucial role in climate regulation and supports various ecosystems through the provision of moisture.

Abiotic

factors in an ecosystem that are non-living, such as temperature, light, nutrients, and water. They influence the living organisms within the ecosystem by affecting their survival and growth.