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6 Terms

1
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Sample Injection

  • A small amount of the liquid sample is injected into the inlet, where it is vaporised.

2
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Carrier Gas Transport

  • An inert gas (e.g. helium, nitrogen) acts as the mobile phase.

  • It carries the vaporised sample through the column.

3
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Column Separation

  • The column contains the stationary phase: a liquid coating on an inert solid support.

  • The column is coiled in an oven at a controlled temperature.

4
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Partitioning

  • As the mixture travels through the column, compounds partition (distribute) between the mobile phase and the liquid stationary phase.

  • Components that interact less with the stationary phase pass through faster.

  • Components that interact more are retained longer

5
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Detection

  • A detector (usually a flame ionisation detector, FID) monitors compounds as they exit the column.

  • A signal is sent to a computer, which produces a chromatogram (a graph of detector response vs time.

6
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Order of Steps

1) Sample Injection

2) Carrier Gas Transport

3) Column Separation

4) Partitioning

5) Detection