Language of Medicine: Chapter 1

Adenoma

Adenoma

- tumor of a gland

Biology

- study of life

Endocrine Glands

- glands that secrete hormones within the body

Hypodermic

- region below the skin

Enteritis

- inflammation of the small intestine

Hemoglobin

- a blood protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells

Leukocyte

- the white blood cell that helps to fight disease

Oncology

- the study of tumors

Osteoarthritis

- inflammation of the joints of a bone

Pediatric

- pertaining to children

Psychology

- the study of the mind

Psychiatrist

- a specialist in the treatments of the conditions of the mind

Sarcoma

- tumor of the skin

Resection

- to cut back into the skin

Thrombocyte

- platelets that help clot blood

Thrombosis

- the process of a clot formation

Carcinogenic

- to cause cancer

Iatrogenic

- produced by treatment

Gastric

- pertaining to the stomach

Nephrosis

- an abnormal condition of the kidney

Leukocytosis

- an increase in the number of white blood cells

Enteropathy

- a disease condition of the intestine

Osteotomy

- the process of cutting into a bone

Gastroenterology

- the study of the digestive tract

Anemia

- a condition of decreased erythrocytes or an abnormality in the hemoglobin within erythrocytes which results in decreased delivery of oxygen to cells

Autopsy

- the examination of a dead body with one's own eyes to determine the cause of death and nature of disease

Epigastric

- pertaining to the region above the stomach

Hypogastric

- pertaining to below the stomach

Pericardium

- the region surrounding the heart

Prostate Gland

- the exocrine gland that sits in front of the urinary bladder of which produces semen

Insulin

- the hormone that is normally released by the pancreas to "escort" sugar from the bloodstream into cells

Neuropathy

- a condition of nerve damage

Nephropathy

- a kidney disease

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

- commonly known as a stroke, this occurs when damage to blood cells in the cerebrum causes injury to nerve cells of the brain

Adenitis

- inflammation of a gland

Arthritis

- inflammation of a joint

Biopsy

- examination of living tissue under a microscope

Carcinoma

- cancerous tumor

Cardiology

- study of the heart

Cephalic

- pertaining to the head

Cerebral

- pertaining to the cerebrum

Incision

- the process of cutting into

Excision

- the process of cutting out

Cystoscopy

- the process of visually examining the bladder or a sac of fluid

Cytology

- the study of cells

Dermatitis

- inflammation of the skin

Electrocardiogram

- a recording of the electrical activity in the heart

Electroencephalogram

- a recording of the electrical activity in the brain

Erythrocyte

- red blood cell

Gastrectomy

- a removal of all or apart of the stomach

Gastrotomy

- an incision into the stomach

Diagnosis

- a state of complete knowledge

Prognosis

- a prediction about the outcome of a condition

Gynecology

- the study of the female reproductive system

Hematology

- the study of blood

Hematoma

- a mass or collection of blood

Hepatitis

- inflammation of the liver

Iatrogenic

- pertaining to treatment

Nephritis

- inflammation of the kidney

Nephrology

- the study of the kidneys

Neurology

- the study of the nervous system

Oncologist

- a specialist in the study of tumors

Opthalmoscope

- an instrument for the visual examination of the eye

Osteitis

- inflammation of a bone

Pathology

- the study of diseases

Pathologist

- a specialist in diseases who examines biopsy samples microscopically and examines a dead body to determine the cause of death

Radiology

- the study of x-rays

Renal

- pertaining to kidneys

Rhinitis

- inflammation of the nose

Thrombus

- clot that forms from bleeding

Urology

- the study of the urinary tract

Urologist

- a surgeon who operates on the organs of the urinary tract and the organs of the male reproductive system

Cardiac

- pertaining to the heart

Neural

- pertaining to the nerve

Arthralgia

- pain in the joint

Neuralgia

- pain in the nerve

Nephrectomy

- removal of the kidney

Leukemia

- a condition of blood in which cancerous white blood cells proliferate

Proliferate

- to increase in number

Pathogenic

- to cause disease

Neurologic

- pertaining to the study of nerves

Gynecologist

- a specialist in the study of the female reproductive system

Cystitis

- inflammation of the urinary bladder

Endocrinology

- the study of the glands that secrete hormones within the body

Hepatoma

- a malignant tumor of the liver

Adenopathy

- a disease condition of a gland

Endoscope

- an instrument used to visually examine the endocrine glands

Endoscopy

- process of visually examining the endocrine glands

Epidermis

- the outermost layer of the skin

Exocrine Glands

- glands that secrete hormones outside of the body

Hyperglycemia

- a condition of high blood sugars

Hyperthyroidism

- a condition in which the thyroid secretes a greater-than-normal amount of Thyroxine

Hypoglycemia

- a condition of low blood sugars

Resection

- tissue is either cut back or removed

Retrocardiac

- pertaining to the region behind the heart

Subhepatic

- pertaining to the region below the liver

Transhepatic

- pertaining to the region across the liver

Polyuria

- a condition of frequent urination

Glycosuria

- a condition in which sugar is in the urine

Thyroxine

- a thyroid hormone that causes cells to burn fuel and release energy