APUSH Native American Tribes

Chinook

Lived in the Pacific Northwest, were very skilled in canoe crafting and navigating water channels, ate mostly fish, salmon & sea mammals, had rituals to welcome in the annual salmon, had specific gender roles, women=house men=war

Iroquois

Occupied upstate New York, were made up of the Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora (6 Nations), had a complex military/farming lifestyle, made alliances with nearby tribes to fight common enemies, had elevated roles for women, had intricate trade network

Algonquin

One of the largest widespread Native groups, spoke different languages, traded with French Fisherman & Huron tribe, traded with Iroquois but later became enemies, made clothes out of animal hides

Aztec

Were a large empire of complex & aggressive people, had a complex trade route & traded gold, textiles & food, sacrificed people & families to gods, Often conquered other tribes to gain land, power & influence, were ruled by Montezuma, were conquered by the Spanish, many were killed brutally & by disease

Inca

Empire in Peru, very large and powerful, lived on the mountainside in the Amazon so they built terraces into the sides of mountains for better farming, built a massive kingdom through military strength, were great makers of gold, first to grow the potato, were overtaken by the Spanish in 1572

Cahokia

Large American-like city, center of an ancient society in North America, had earthen mounds, Late Woodland Period (500 BC-AD 800) agricultural village, was a large center for trade & sat in the middle of the trade network

Wampanoag

Native American tribe who met the Pilgrims as they arrived in the New World, run by Massasoit, knew how to fish well using spears and help the grow of crops by placing dead fish where the seeds would grow, taught the pilgrims their ways to help them in the first winter, were stricken with a smallpox epidemic

Pequot

were a nomadic tribe & moved with the seasons, fought with the Montauks and Narragansetts, traded with Mohegans and Wampanoags, were an agricultural people who grew beans, corn, squash, and tobacco, asserted dominance over nearby tribes by attacking them

Anishinaabe

were a North American native tribe, were also called the Ojibwe, were a nomadic tribe and grew crops to fit such a lifestyle, moved westward into what is now known as Minnesota, traded with the Dakota people

Chumash

lived in southern coastal california, head power was passed down through family & women could be chiefs or wots, were mainly hunter-gatherers and fishermen, were able to thrive from resources of sea & land, rarely interacted with nearby tribes

Sioux

Lakota, Dakota, and Nakota tribes-traded with the Anishinaabe, became nomads and followed the migration trail of the buffalo in order to have a stable food supply, bison provided food, shelter, clothing tools & sacred objects and were essential to their economy and culture

Numic-Speaking Peoples

consisted of the Great Basin Tribes in Northern America in desert regions, flourished around where water, game, and plant life were abundant, Numic speakers divided into 3 sub branches-Western, Central and Southern about 2,000 years ago

Anasazi

lived in the Chaco Canyon and much of their life is a mystery, Chaco Canyon is now a desert area but was once densely populated with forests. They built large temples and buildings and were great architects, cut down & burned trees often and had to move on once they depleted the land's resources, mostly died out after that, part of the Pueblo tribes

Pueblo

Traded with the Navajos and the Comanches, commonly fought with those tribes as well, originated near Mexico, Colorado, Utah and Arizona, Apache often raided the Pueblos for their resources, oldest culture of the nation