paper 2 section a urban issues and challenges

What is urbanisation?

Urbanisation is the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities.

True or false: There has been a significant increase in urbanisation across the world between 1950 and 2014.

True.

Where did urbanisation first occur?

Urbanisation first occurred in areas that are now high-income countries (HICs) during the industrial revolution.

What are two main causes of urbanisation?

Rural to urban migration and natural increase.

What is a mega city?

A mega city is an urban area with a population of more than 10 million people.

What are push factors?

Push factors are conditions that drive people away from a certain place.

What are pull factors?

Pull factors are conditions that attract people to a certain place.

What are three challenges associated with the growth of Lagos?

1. Lack of affordable housing. 2. High crime rates. 3. Poor sanitation and healthcare.

Why could rising sea levels be a threat to Lagos?

Rising sea levels could lead to significant flooding, contamination of groundwater, and affect the low-lying areas of the city.

What are three push factors forcing people to migrate to Lagos?

1. Limited job opportunities in rural areas. 2. Low wages in agriculture. 3. Natural disasters and conflicts.

What are some strategies to promote sustainable urban living?

Conserving water and energy, recycling waste, and creating green spaces.

What is natural increase?

Natural increase is the growth of population caused by birth rates being higher than death rates.

What is the estimated population of Lagos?

Approximately 15 million.

What is one benefit of creating green spaces in urban areas?

Green spaces can purify water and improve urban environments.

How has urbanisation impacted Lagos' economy?

Urbanisation has led to a flourishing industrial sector with significant employment opportunities.

What proportion of the UK's population live in towns and cities?

Approximately 82%.

What is a characteristic of counter-urbanisation?

People migrating from urban areas back to rural areas.

Why is Lagos culturally and artistically important in Nigeria?

Lagos is home to Nigeria's media centre and the thriving film industry known as 'Nollywood.'