[PHA 6146] Unit 2 Lesson 1.3 - Epidemic Surveillance

It is the systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data for early warning and rapid detection of disease outbreaks.

Epidemic Surveillance

It is a centralized system for disease surveillance and outbreak investigation. It plays a crucial role in monitoring disease trends, identifying outbreaks, and implementing timely and appropriate public health interventions.

Philippine Epidemiological Surveillance System (PESS)

PESS was established by?

Deparment of Health

What are the four interrelated components of PESS framework?

- Data collection

- Analysis

- Interpretation

- Dissemination

What are the objectives of PESS framework?

- Detecting outbreaks early

- Characterizing disease trends

- Guiding public health interventions

Type of surveillance that relies on the spontaneous reporting of cases by healthcare providers and laboratories.

Passive Surveillance

Examples of passive surveillance

- Mandatory disease reporting

- Notifiable disease surveillance

Limitations of passive surveillance

- Underreporting

- Reporting delays

- Incomplete data

Type of surveillance that involves the systematic collection of data through regular visits to healthcare facilities, schools, and other institutions. They can provide more complete and timely data, but may be more resource-intensive.

Active Surveillance

Examples of active surveillance

- Sentinel surveillance

- Community-based surveillance

It is a systematic approach to investigating and controlling the spread of infectious diseases.

Outbreak Investigation

Outbreak investigations involve?

- Identifying the source of the outbreak

- Determining the extent of the outbreak,

- Implementing control measures to prevent further spread

As part of strengthening laboratory capacity, it was established as a key player in disease surveillance, providing diagnostic and reference laboratory services for infectious diseases.

Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)

Examples of public health interventions of DOH

- Vaccination campaigns

- Outbreak response

- Contact tracing

- Quarantine measures.

This type of intervention will include vaccination campaigns, outbreak response, contact tracing, and quarantine measures.

Public health intervention

Public health interventions are guided by data collected through the?

PESS Framework

What are some challenges in epidemic surveillance?

- Lack of resources and funding

- Limited laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

- Inadequate disease reporting and surveillance systems

- Privacy concerns and ethical considerations

(True/False) The DOH has increased funding for disease surveillance in recent years. There is no need for more resources to strengthen the system.

False

- More resources are needed

Inadequate disease reporting and surveillance systems can lead to?

- Underreporting

- Delays in outbreak detection

The DOH is implementing an ____________ to improve disease reporting and surveillance.

Electronic disease reporting system

It plays a key role in privacy concerns and ethical considerations. It guides protecting personal information in disease surveillance and response.

National Privacy Commission (NPC)

Examples of innovative approaches to disease reporting being explored in the Philippines

- Mobile phone-based reporting

- Social media monitoring

DOH works with various partners, including other government agencies, international organizations, and academic institutions, to strengthen disease surveillance and response.

Collaborations and Partnership

It is a set of regulations developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases across borders.

International Health Regulations (IHR)

The Philippines has committed to implementing the IHR, which includes?

- Strengthening disease surveillance

- Response capacity

The DOH has implemented various measures to control the spread of COVID-19 such as?

- Testing

- Contact tracing

- Quarantine measures

What are some surveillance system established by DOH in response to COVID-19?

- Case-based surveillance

- Sentinel surveillance

- Community-based surveillance

Data from the COVID-19 surveillance system is used to?

Guide public health interventions and response efforts

(True/False) The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for stronger disease surveillance and response capacity.

True

What are some of the several priorities of DOH for strengthening disease surveillance and response in the Philippines?

- Enhancing laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

- Improving disease reporting and surveillance systems

- Strengthening partnerships and collaborations

- Investing in research and innovation

(True/False) Epidemic surveillance is critical in preventing and controlling infectious diseases.

True

(True/False) Active surveillance depends on the spontaneous reporting of cases by healthcare practitioners and laboratories.

False

- Passive surveillance

(True/False) Poor disease reporting and surveillance systems may result in complete data and faster identification of outbreaks.

False

Partners of DOH to strengthen disease surveillance and response

- Government agencies

- International organizations

- Academic institutions

Importance of epidemic surveillance

To prevent and control infectious disease

What year was the Philippine Epidemiological Surveillance System (PESS) established?

1972