INDONESIAN ARCHITECTURE

• INTRODUCTION

  • Southeast Asian nation

  • home of hundreds of ethnic groups

INDONESIAN ARCHITECTURE

• influenced by India, Chinese, and Arabs

• MATERIALS

  • ✓ Brick

    ✓ Hard Wood /Timber /Worok Wood

    ✓ Bamboo wood

    ✓ Coconut Trunk

    ✓ Sugar Palm Leaves

    ✓ Alang Alang Grass

    ✓ Coconut Fiber

    ✓ Rice Straw

• CLIMATE AND GEOGRAPHY

  • t is in a strategic location or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean.

  • tropical.

  • Temperature varies little from to season, and Indonesia experiences relatively little change in the length of daylight hours from one season to the next: the difference between the longest day and the shortest day of the year is only forty eight minutes. This allows crops to be grown all year round.

• INFLUENCES

  • OFF GROUND HOUSES

    • allows breezes to moderate the temperature

    • reduces malaria-carrying mosquitos

  • Sharply Inclined Roof

    • rain to quickly sheet off

TRADITIONAL VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

TERMS

• RUMAH ADAT

  • traditional Indonesian home made of timber, bamboo, thatch and fiber

  • rumah sehat sederhana (modern)

HINDU BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE

• CANDI

  • large and sophisticated religious structure

• Dieng Plateua

  • where earliest surviving Hindu temples are

• Kingdom of Mataram

  • largest and finest example of Hindu Architecture

• Majapahit Builders

  • used mortar of vine sap and palm sugar

• Temples of Majapahit

  • strong geometrical quality and almost art-deco sense of streamlining and proportioning

• EXAMPLES

  • Buddhist Borobudur Temple

  • Prambahan Temple

  • Lempuyang Temple

ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

• Fostered uniquely Javanese style of Hindu, Buddhist, Islamic, and Christian architecture

• TWO TYPES

  • Vernacular Mosque Architecture

    • took inspo from Hindu, Buddhist and even Chinese architectural influences

    • EXAMPLES

      • Great Mosque of Banten

      • Great Mosque of Demak

      • Baiturrahman Grand Mosque

• ISTANA

  • palace: architecture of the various kingdoms and realms of Indonesia

  • Bale Gamelan Pavilion

  • Kraton Kasepuhan

COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE

• Batavia: where the Dutch settled . also known as Jakarta

POST INDEPENDENCE

• Javanese Art-decor style

  • root for the first Indonesian national style

• Modernist brutalism

• 

CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

• Large construction booms brought major changes to Indonesian Cities

  • replaces the early twentieth styles

• Architectural styles

  • influenced by developments in architecture internationally ( deconstructivism architecture)

BALINESE ARCHITECTURE

• vernacular architecture of Balinese people that inhabit the volcanic island of Bali

• Hindu Influences

• 

THAILAND ARCHITECTURE

• Known for tropical beaches , opulent royal palaces

• have escaped the colonial rule

GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

• temperature ranges from 28- 35 celsius

• wet and dry

ARCHITECTURE ( TERMS)

• TRADITIONAL THAI HOUSES

  • elevation of its building

  • the area beneath is used for storage crafts, and lounging

  • were used to be centered in canals and rivers

  • made of a variety of wood and prefabricated wood panels

  • had strict taboos regarding which plants could be placed around the house

    • KUTI

      • small structure built on stilts, to house a monk

    • WAT'

      • refer only to a Buddhist site with resident monks,

    • LAK MUEANG

      • City pillar , a shrine to house Chao Pho Lak Mueang, the city deity

    • SALA THAI

      • open pavilion used as a meeting place to protect from rain and the sun

    • COMMUNITY PLACES

      • Floating Market

        • goods sold from boats