AP Psych Unit 1.2: Schools of Psychology

Schools of Psychology

Behavioral, biolgical, cognitive, humanist, psychoanalytic, social-cultural, evolutionary

Behavioral Perspective

Focuses on observable behaviors over feelings: how we learn. Believes we behave in ways because we have been conditioned to do so. We have to recondition in order to change.

Cognitive Perspective

Focuses on how we think or encode information, with therapy attempting to change the way we think.

Humanist Perspective

Pushes people to strive to be their best selves with “self actualization”. Suggests happiness is defined by the distance between our “self-concept” and “ideal self”.

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Focuses on the unconscious mind and argues that we repress many real feelings and aren’t aware of them, suggests that in order to improve, we have to address the true feelings we have.

Social-Cultural Perspective

Much of your behavior and feelings are dictated by the culture that you are living in.

Evolutionary Perspective

Focuses on Darwinism - we behave the way we do because we inherited the behaviors.

Biological Perspective

Refers to the function of brain and body chemistry, and its impact on our actions. Suggests that we have to change body chemistry in order to change behavior - often deals with medications and surgeries.

Humanist

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers supported the ________ perspective.

Psychoanalytic

Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud supported the ___________ perspective.

Behavioral

Conditioning is a major part in the ____________ perspective.

Medication

Biological perspectives will often suggest ___________ to solve a problem.

Cognitive

_________ therapy attempts to change the way one thinks.

Self-actualization

The concept of _______________ is associated with the humanist approach, with one trying to become their best self.

Childhood

As well as the unconscious mind, psychoanalysis will often refer to __________ trauma as the source of psychological problems.

Ivan Pavlov

B.F. Skinner and _________ supported the behavioral perspective of psychology.

Chemistry

In the biological perspective, one's body ________ must be changed in order to solve a problem.

Darwinism

The evolutionary perspective emphasizes _________, suggesting that we inherit behaviors from our ancestors.

Happiness

The distance between our self-concept and ideal self, according to the humanist perspective.

Repress

According to the psychoanalytic perspective, we ________ many feelings that we find undesirable.