IT vocab

Component

/kəmˈpəʊnənt/ (n) one of several parts of which something is made

thành phần

virtual

/ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ (adj) made to appear to exist by the use of computer software, for example on the internet

ảo, không tồn tại thực tế

unidirectional

['ju:nid(a)i'rek∫ənl] hướng hoạt động chỉ theo 1 chiều nhất định

blueprint

/ˈbluːprɪnt/ (n) a plan which shows what can be achieved and how it can be achieved

khuôn mẫu / bản thiết kế

instance

/ˈɪnstəns/ (n) a particular example or case of something

sự thể hiện / ví dụ, trường hợp

operating system

/ˈɒpəreɪtɪŋ sɪstəm/ (n) a set of programs that controls the way a computer works and runs other programs

hệ điều hành

device

/dɪˈvaɪs/ (n) an object or a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular job

thiết bị, dụng cụ, công cụ

central processing unit

/ˌsentrəl ˈprəʊsesɪŋ juːnɪt/ (n) the part of a computer that controls all the other parts of the system

bộ xử lý trung tâm

random-access memory

/ˌrændəm ˌækses ˈmeməri/ (n) computer memory in which data can be changed or removed and can be looked at in any order

RAM

bộ nhớ truy cập ngẫu nhiên

read-only memory

/ˌriːd ˌəʊnli ˈmeməri/ (n) computer memory that contains instructions or data that cannot be changed or removed

ROM

bộ nhớ chỉ đọc

user interface

/ˌjuːzər ˈɪntəfeɪs/ (n) the way a computer gives information to a user or receives instructions from a user

UI

giao diện người dùng

graphical user interface

(n) giao diện đồ họa người dùng

application software

(n) phần mềm ứng dụng

intranet

/ˈɪntrənet/ (n) a computer network that is private to a company, university, etc. often using the same software as the World Wide Web

mạng nội bộ

extranet

/ˈekstrənet/ (n) that is partly available to some outside users, so that businesses and customers can exchange information

mạng ngoại bộ

protocol

/ˈprəʊtəkɒl/ (n) a system of fixed rules and formal behaviour used at official meetings, usually between governments

giao thức, nghị định thư

monitor

/ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ (n) a screen that shows information from a computer; a television screen used to show particular kinds of information

màn hình máy tính, máy theo dõi

motherboard

/ˈmʌðəbɔːd/ (n) the main board of a computer, containing all the circuits

bo mạch chủ

solid-state drive

/ˌsɒlɪd ˈsteɪt/ /draɪv/ (n) ổ cứng SSD, ổ cứng thể rắn

malware

/ˈmælweə(r)/ (n) software such as a virus specifically designed to damage or gain access to a computer system without the user knowing

phần mềm độc hại

spyware

/ˈspaɪweə(r)/ (n) software that enables somebody to obtain secret information about somebody else and their computer activities without their knowledge or permission

phần mềm gián điệp

phishing

/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ (n) the activity of tricking people into providing personal or financial information by sending emails, texts, etc. that seem to be from companies that the person knows, often in order to steal money from them

tấn công giả mạo

multiplication

/ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n) the act or process of multiplying numbers

phép nhân

numeric

/njuːˈmerɪk/ (adj) relating to numbers; expressed in numbers

số học, thuộc về số học

operation

/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ the process of cutting open a part of a person’s body in order to remove or repair a damaged part

• n: cách hoạt động; quá trình hoạt động

• v: thao tác

perform

/pəˈfɔːm/ (v) to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.

tiến hành, thi hành, biểu diễn

process

/ˈprəʊses/ a series of things that are done in order to achieve a particular result

(n) : quá trình, quy trình

v: xử lý

processor

/ˈprəʊsesə(r)/ (n) a machine, person or company that processes things

bộ xử lý

pulse

/pʌls/ (v,n) the regular beat of the heart as it sends blood around the body, that can be felt in different places, especially on the inside part of the wrist; the number of times the heart beats in a minute

xung (rung động của âm thanh, ánh sáng..)

đập, dao động, rung động

register

/ˈredʒɪstə(r)/ (v, n) to record your/somebody’s/something’s name on an official list

thanh ghi, đăng kí

signal

/ˈsɪɡnəl/ (n) a movement or sound that you make to give somebody information, instructions, a warning, etc.

synonym sign

tín hiệu, dấu hiệu

store

/stɔː(r)/ (v) lưu trữ, dự trữ

subtraction

/səbˈtrækʃn/ (n) the process of taking a number or amount away from another number or amount

phép trừ

switch

/swɪtʃ/ (v,n) to change or make something change from one thing to another

chuyển ; công tắc

tape

/teɪp/ (n) a long, narrow piece of material with a sticky substance on one side that is used for sticking things together

băng ; băng ghi âm

terminal

/ˈtɜːmɪnl/ (n) a place, building or set of buildings where journeys by train, bus or boat begin or end

máy trạm, phần cuối, ga chót

storage

/ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/ (n) the process of keeping something in a particular place until it is needed; the space where things can be kept

sự dự trữ, sự tích trữ, lưu trữ

transmit

/trænzˈmɪt/ (v) to send an electronic signal, radio or television broadcast, etc.

truyền, phát

abacus

/ˈæbəkəs/ (n) a frame with small balls that slide along wires. It is used as a tool or toy for counting.

bàn tính

allocate

/ˈæləkeɪt/ (v) to give something officially to somebody/something for a particular purpose

phân phối, phân phát

analog

/ˈænəlɒɡ/ (adj) using a continuously changing range of physical quantities to measure or store data

tương tự

application

/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n) a formal (often written) request for something, such as a job, permission to do something or a place at a college or university

sự áp dụng, sự ứng dụng

đơn xin

binary

/ˈbaɪnəri/ (a,n) using only 0 and 1 as a system of numbers

nhị phân, thuộc về nhị phân

calculation

/ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn/ (n) the act or process of using numbers to find out an amount

sự tính toán

command

/kəˈmɑːnd/ (v,n) an order given to a person or an animal / an instruction given to a computer

ra lệnh, lệnh (trong máy tính)

dependable

/dɪˈpendəbl/ (adj) that can be relied on to do what you want or need

synonym reliable

có thể tin được, đáng tin cậy, có căn cứ

devise

/dɪˈvaɪz/ (v) to invent something new or a new way of doing something

synonym think up

phát minh, sáng chế

digital

/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ (adj) using a system of receiving and sending information as a series of the numbers one and zero, showing that an electronic signal is there or is not there

số, thuộc về số

etch

/etʃ/ (v) to cut lines into a piece of glass, metal, etc. in order to make words or a picture

khắc axit

alloy

/ˈælɔɪ/ a metal that is formed by mixing two types of metal together, or by mixing metal with another substance

(n) hợp kim

bub ble memory

(n) bộ nhớ bọt

capacity

/kəˈpæsəti/ the number of things or people that a container or space can hold

(n) dung lượng , sức chứa

core memory

(n) bộ nhớ lõi

dominate

/ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ to control or have a lot of influence over somebody/something, especially in an unpleasant way

(v) thống trị , chi phối

ferrite ring

/ˈferaɪt/ (n) vòng nhiễm từ

horizontal

/ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntl/ (a,n) flat and level; going across and parallel to the ground rather than going up and down

ngang, đường ngang

Intersection

/ˈɪntəsekʃn/ (n) a place where two or more roads, lines, etc. meet or cross each other

giao điểm; sự giao nhau, sự cắt ngang

detail

/ˈdiːteɪl/ a small individual fact or item; a less important fact or item

(adj) chi tiết

respective

/rɪˈspektɪv/ belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned

(adj) tương ứng

retain

/rɪˈteɪn/ to keep something; to continue to have something

synonym preserve

(v) giữ lại, duy trì

gadget

/ˈɡædʒɪt/ a small tool or device that does something useful

(n) đồ phụ tùng nhỏ

thermal

/ˈθɜːml/ connected with heat

(adj) nhiệt, nóng

unique

/juˈniːk/ being the only one of its kind

(adj) duy nhất

matrix

/ˈmeɪtrɪks/ an arrangement of numbers, symbols, etc. in rows and columns, treated as a single quantity

(n) ma trận

microfilm

/ˈmaɪkrəʊfɪlm/ film used for storing written information on in print of very small size

(n) vi phim

noticeable

/ˈnəʊtɪsəbl/ easy to see or notice; clear or definite

(adj) dễ nhận thấy

phenomenon

/fəˈnɒmɪnən/ a fact or an event in nature or society, especially one that is not fully understood

(n) hiện tượng

prediction

/prɪˈdɪkʃn/ a statement that says what you think will happen; the act of making such a statement

(n) sự tiên đoán, lời tiên đoán

quality

/ˈkwɒləti/ the standard of something when it is compared to other things like it; how good or bad something is

(n) chất lượng

quantity

/ˈkwɒntəti/ an amount or a number of something

(n) số lượng

ribbon

/ˈrɪbən/ a narrow piece of material, used to tie things or for decoration

(n) dải băng

set

/set/ to prepare or arrange something so that it is ready for use or in position

(n) tập

spin

/spɪn/ to turn round and round quickly; to make something do this

(v) quay

strike

/straɪk/ to hit somebody/something hard or with force

(v) đánh, đập

superb

/suːˈpɜːb/ excellent; of very good quality

(adj) tuyệt vời, xuất sắc

supervisor

/ˈsuːpəvaɪzə(r)/ a person who supervises somebody/something

(n) người giám sát

semiconductor memory

/ˌsemikənˈdʌktə(r)/ /ˈmeməri/ a solid substance that conducts electricity in particular conditions, better than insulators but not as well as conductors

(n) bộ nhớ bán dẫn

train

/treɪn/ a number of connected coaches or trucks, pulled by an engine or powered by a motor in each one, taking people and goods from one place to another

(n) đoàn tàu, dòng, dãy, chuỗi

translucent

/trænzˈluːsnt/ allowing light to pass through but not completely clear

(a) trong mờ, mờ

configuration

/kənˌfɪɡəˈreɪʃn/ n arrangement of the parts of something or a group of things; the form or shape that this arrangement produces

(n) cấu hình

implement

/ˈɪmplɪment/ to make something that has been officially decided start to happen or be used

synonym carry out

(n) công cụ, phương tiện

(v) thi hành, thực hiện

acoustic coupler

/əˈkuːstɪk/ related to sound or to the sense of hearing

(n) bộ ghép âm

multiplexer

(n) bộ dồn kênh

vertical

/ˈvɜːtɪkl/ going straight up or down from a level surface or from top to bottom in a picture, etc.

(a,n) dọc, đường dọc

wire

/ˈwaɪə(r)/ metal in the form of thin thread; a piece of this

(n) dây điện

dây (kim loại)

Attribute

/əˈtrɪbjuːt/

(n) thuộc tính

(v) cho là do, quy là do

complement

/ˈkɒmplɪment/ (v) to add to something in a way that improves it or makes it more attractive

omen

/ˈəʊmən/ (n) a sign of what is going to happen in the future

synonym portent

consistent

kənˈsɪstənt/ (adj) always behaving in the same way, or having the same opinions, standards, etc.

architect

/ˈɑːkɪtekt/ (n) a person whose job is designing buildings

dialogue

/ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ (n) a conversation in a book, play or film or in language teaching materials

attentive

/əˈtentɪv/ (adj) listening or watching carefully and with interest

opposite inattentive

utility

/juːˈtɪləti/ (n) a service provided for the public, for example an electricity, water or gas supply

hữu dụng, thiết thực

contemporary

/kənˈtemprəri/ (adj) belonging to the same time / belonging to the present time

synonym modern

argument

/ˈɑːɡjumənt/ (n) a conversation or discussion in which two or more people disagree, often angrily

particularly

/pəˈtɪkjələli/ (adv) especially; more than usual or more than others

professionalism

/prəˈfeʃənəlɪzəm/ (n) the high standard that you expect from a person who is well trained in a particular job

great skill and ability

proficiency

/prəˈfɪʃnsi/ (n) the ability to do something well because of training and practice

metaphor

/ˈmetəfə(r)/ (n) a word or phrase used to describe somebody/something else, in a way that is different from its normal use, in order to show that the two things have the same qualities and to make the description more powerful, for example She has a heart of stone; the use of such words and phrases

computation

/ˌkɒmpjuˈteɪʃn/ (n) an act or the process of calculating something

sự tính toán, sự ước tính