Biology 102 Lab exam 1 review

If you were working in a biological lab with several chemicals out of these which of the following practices should you employ?

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A. Carefully label any bottles you add chemicals to with every component you added (i.e. all the substances in the bottle are included in the label)

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B. Wear appropriate PPE including a lab coat, gloves, and safety glasses

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C. Be aware of where the first aid kit, emergency eyewash station, and safety shower stations are located

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D. Always smell and taste the chemicals before using to ensure the contents of the bottle match the label

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E. Treat only hazardous chemicals as hazardous

A,B,C

A low pH level indicates that a solution/substance is an

acidic

A high pH indicates that a substance is a

base

Which statement below is true, concerning a conclusion we came to about the three vials of clear fluid we observed in week 2?

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A. The vial labeled as vinegar had a pH of 7

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B. The vial labeled as vinegar had a pH of 2

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C. The vial labeled as vinegar had a pH of 10

B

Which of the following are fundamental characteristics shared by ALL living things?

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A. Require energy to sustain themselves

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B. Acquire energy from other organisms to sustain themselves

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C. Are comprised of multiple cells organized into tissues and organisms

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D. Reproduced and pass on characteristics to a new generation

A,B,C,D

When conducting an experiment following the scientific method, how many independent variables can you test at the same time?

One

All organisms are composed of combinations of just four classes of organic molecules (biomolecules). What are these 4 classes of molecules?

nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins

All 4 classes of organic molecules contain (BLANK) atoms that are linked together to form chains or rings.

carbon

All (BLANK) are reducing sugars

monosaccharides

What are Carbohydrates “building block” or “smallest unit”?

Saccarides/sugars

What are Lipids “building blocks” or “smallest unit”?

Fatty acids

What are proteins “building block” or “smallest unit”?

amino acids

Proteins are incredibly important for living organisms as they play several key roles in sustaining life. Which of the following are functions and/or roles that proteins play?

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A. Regulate cell processes

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B. Provide structural support, like collagen

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C. Store amino acids for developing organisms, like albumin in egg whites

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D. Transport key substances throughout an organism, such as hemoglobin carrying oxygen throughout your body

A,B,C,D

Amino acids are linked together by (BLANK) bonds to form polypeptides, and thus proteins/

peptide

If you are looking through a compound light microscope that has a 10x magnification in the oculars, and you have the 40x magnification objective lens in place, what is the total magnification that you are looking at?

400

When conducting any of the biochemistry tests that we performed to test for different types of organic molecules, (biuret’s, lugol’s, benedicts’, etc…) we looked for a change in the (BLANK) to indicate a positive result

color of the regent

As you go from low power lens (the 4x lens) to the high power lens (the 40x lens), what happens to the following attributes with either “increases” or “decreases” as you move from the 4x lens to the 40x lens.

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A. Field of view (increase/decrease?)

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B. Depth of focus (depth of field) (increase/decrease?)

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C. Working distance (increase/decrease?)

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D. Light intensity (increase/decrease?)

A. Decrease, B. Decrease, C, Decrease, D. Decrease

On a compound light microscope, the “iris diaphragm” (condenser diaphragm) can be opened and closed to adjust the amount of (BLANK) coming up through the object to the stage

light

Cell membranes are primarily made up of which type of molecule?

Phospholipids

Cellular structures that are bound by membranes and distributed throughout the cytoplasm are referred to as (BLANK)

organelles

Cells of the same tissue types in animals all look similar, true or false?

True

Before the stain was added what did the chromoplast look like?

red/orange

Before the stain was added what did the leucoplast look like?

Clear/colorless

Before the stain was added what did the chloroplast look like?

green

Plastids are found in both plant and animal cells, true or false?

False

What does the Biurets test for?

peptide bonds/proteins

What does the Lugols test for?

Startch

What does the Benedicts test for?

sugars

What does Ninhydrin test for?

amino acids

When you test for amino acids with the Ninhydrin test what do you use?

Filter paper

What are some monosaccharides?

glucose, fructose, ribose, and galactose

What are some Disaccharides?

Sucrose, maltose, and lactose

What are some Polysaccharides?

Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin

How are Disaccharides formed?

by linking two monosaccharides together by using the dehydration synthesis reaction.