BIOL 1406 Lab Midterm

What is the stinging organelle that assists it in capturing large prey?

Trichocyst

Which species of amoeba did you observe under the microscope?

Amoeba proteus

Which experimental group receives the treatment?

Control group

A solution that tends to release protons is

An acid

The portion of a phospholipid that contains the phosphate group has one or more electrical charges. That makes this region of the molecule

Hydrophilic

The Biuret test is used to detect the presence of which group of macromolecules?

Proteins

Which of the following molecules move across the cell membrane by simple diffusion?

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water

Which of the following transport processes requires the expenditure of energy?

Exocytosis

Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?

Enzymes increase the rate of reaction

When the products of a reaction are at a higher energy level than the reactants, the reaction is

Endergonic

Term which means that if an object is centered with the low power objective, it is centered when you switch to the high power objective?

Par-centered

Eukaryotic cells can be larger than prokaryotic cells because

Their internal membrane system allows compartmentalization of functions, and extra surface area for nutrient exchange and location of enzymes

Which of the following terms is an explanation of scientific phenomenon that is accompanied by supporting evidence from multiple investigators?

Theory

You are characterizing groups of guppies. You have found that guppies live in environments with cichlids. You make the statement "Drab color helps guppies hide from predators." This as an example of

Hypothesis

There are 20 different amino acids that make up proteins found in living organism. How are these amino acids identified?

By the characteristics of their side chains or "R groups"

Which functional group is most responsible for some organic molecules behaving like bases?

Amino

Movement of a substance from a point of higher to low concentration is known as

Passive transport

A plant cell placed in a hypotonic solution will take on water. Where does the water go to?

Central vacuole

If all enzyme available is bound to substrate, then increasing substrate concentration will not increase the rate of reaction. That point where the active sites of all enzymes are occupied by a substrate is called

Maximum reaction rate

Which cellular structure, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is responsible for protein synthesis?

Ribosomes

When biologists study the internal structure of cells, they would most likely use

Transmission electron microscope

When designing an experiment the treatment and control group must be the same, expect for the variable being tested. What is the inert substance that is often given to control groups so the test subjects don't know if they're receiving the treatment or not?

Placebo

A Which of the following would be classified as acid rain?

Rain with pH of 4.5

Rice would be most accurately be classified as a

Strach

Which of the following is a common monosaccharide?

Fructose

The difference in concentration of a solute across a membrane is called

Concentration gradience

An enzyme that hydrolyses proteins will not act upon starch. This fact is an indication that enzymes are

Specific

What is the light source used with a compound light microscope?

Visible light

An organism that causes disease in its host is known as

Pathogen

Ideally, control and experimental groups differ in ___ variable(s)

1

Vegetable oil is known as a

Lipid

What is the function of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

Cell to cell recognition

Placing phospholipids into an aqueous solution immediately results in their forming a lipid bilayer. What is the driving force causing this ordered arrangement?

The phospholipids are very orders in water, and gain freedom of movement by forming a bilayer

Which of the following enzymes would be important in fat digestion?

Lipase

Which procedure would result in an increase of reaction rate if substrate were limiting, but would not affect rate of reaction under conditions of saturation?

Add ATP to the reaction mixture

The ability to see two items as separate and discrete entitles is

Resolution

What is the standard magnification of the ocular lens?

10x

Which statistic serves as a measure of experimental variation?

Standard deviation

Glucose + ATP --> Glucose 6-Ph + ADP

What is the substrate?

Glucose and APT

Enzymes belong to which class of macromolecules?

Proteins

A substance with a low pH is classified as

Acid

Triglycerides are classified as ___ and composed of ___

lipids; fatty acids and glycerol

The Benedicts test can detect the presence of reducing sugars. Which of the following results indicate the presence of reducing sugar?

A reddish/orange precipitate at the bottom of the tube

What is the molecular formula of ferricyanide?

Fe(CN)6

When the pH is lowered several pH units below its pH optimum, its activity is strongly inhibited. What factor is responsible for decrease in activity?

An altered tertiary structure

Which species of paramecium did you study under the microscope?

Paramecium caudatum

The student's test can be used

To compare sample means

The covalent bonds found between individual amino acids of a protein are known as

Peptide bonds

Which of the following functional groups are common in carbohydrates?

Carboxyl groups

In which of the following transport process can a solute be moved against its concentration gradient?

Transport pump

Biological membranes are composed of primarily of

Phospholipid bilayers

Enzymes influence chemical reactions in living systems by

Affecting the rate at which reaction occurrs

What is the role of the smooth ER?

Lipid synthesis

Which cellular organelle house the DNA?

Nucleus

What is the hydrogen concentration in pH of 3?

10^-3

The major function of carbohydrates in animal cells is

As an energy source

Cell membranes are

Selectively permeable

Which of the following activities would increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Adding a catalyst

How does an enzyme catalyze a reaction?

By decreasing the energy of activation for a chemical reaction

What is the method of mobility of paramecium?

Cilia

You NEVER use which of the following once you switch to the high power or oil immersion objectives?

Course adjustment knob

What is the pH of human blood?

7.35

The arithmetic average of either the control group of the variable group is known as

Mean

Which of the following functional groups would be characterized as being non-polar?

Methyl group

What organelle in the amoeba is an adaptation to living in a hypotonic environment?

Contractile vacuole

If the Paramecium is moved from a dilute salt solution to a distilled water environment, what will happen to the Paramecium?

The contractile vacuole will expel water more frequently

Blueberries grow well in moderately acidic soils. Which of the following pH's might be considered moderately acidic?

4.8

What was the color reagent used to qualify rate of reaction in turnips?

Guaiacol

The location on an enzyme that binds substrate is its

Active site

When viewing a specimen under the microscope, you place the slide on the

Stage

Water is a solute

False

The glycemic index is an indicator of

How rapidly blood glucose levels increase after eating a particular food

The substance to be acted on by an enzyme is its

Substrate

Which section of your report serves as a summary of the experiment?

Abstract

Cholesterol is not soluble in water and its non-polar. To which class of organic molecules does it belong?

Lipids

What happens to an enzyme when it denatures?

Loss of three dimensional shape of the molecule

Cell must produce many different enzymes because

Most cellular reactions require specific, unique enzymes

Which organelle, within the paramecium, controls sexual reproduction?

Micronucleus

A solution with a pH of 5 is ___ times more ___ than a solution with a pH of 8

1000; acidic

Which of the following is not necessary for researching?

Testing an enitre population

What test would you perform if you wanted to see if onion extract contained polysaccharides?

Iodine test

When comparing two solutions, the one with the greater number of solute molecules is ___ to the solution with fewer solute molecules

Hypertonic

At high temperatures, reaction rate decreases because the heat

Increases molecular motion

Benedicts Test

Reducing sugars (turns reddish color)

Iodine Test

Starch (Blue/black color)

Biuret Test

Proteins (Blue to purple)

Sudan IV

Lipids (red)

Substrate

Peroxide

Enzyme

Peroxidase

Paramecium caudatum

Cilia; feed on microorganism

Euglena

Flagella; chloroplast

Amoeba proteus

Pseudopods; pathegens; keratitis