Clin-Chem Lab AA Part 1

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27 Terms

1

Protein came from the Greek Word? Which means?

Greek word “proteios” meaning “first rank of importance”

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2

Proteins are macromolecules composed of polymers of covalently linked __________?

Amino Acids

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3

True or False?

Proteins are synthesized in the liver (except immunoglobulins)?

True

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4

Clinical Chemistry Protein is used as a measurement for:

• Liver diseases

• Kidney disorders

• Nutritional status

• Immune function

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5

What are the Chemical Properties of protein?

Chemical Properties:

• Amphoteric Nature

• Buffering Capacity

• Solubility

• Antigenicity

• Energy Source

• Cellular Composition

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6

Chemical property of protein that refers having both + and – charges.

Amphoteric Nature

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7

Chemical property of protein that refers being able to maintain blood pH stability, due to their amphoteric nature.

Buffering Capacity

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8

Chemical property of protein that refers to the ability to be dissolved in water due to high dielectric property.

Solubility

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9

Chemical property of protein that makes them effective antigens due to their molecular mass, tyrosine content, and specificity.

Antigenicity

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10

Chemical property of protein that contributes to the body’s total daily energy requirements, although not the primary one.

Energy Source

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11

Chemical property of protein that makes up almost half of a cell’s dry weight.

Cellular Composition

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12

Give me (3) three functions of protein in the body?

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13

What are the parts of a protein?

• A central carbon atom

• An amino group

• A carboxyl group

• A hydrogen atom

• A unique side chain (R-group)

<p>• A central carbon atom</p><p>• An amino group</p><p>• A carboxyl group</p><p>• A hydrogen atom</p><p>• A unique side chain (R-group)</p>
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14

The building blocks of proteins

Amino acids

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15

Can be synthesized by the body from other compounds.

NON-ESSENTIAL Amino acids.

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16

Normally non-essential but become essential in certain conditions (e.g., illness or stress)

CONDITIONALLY ESSENTIAL Amino acids.

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17

Cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food.

ESSENTIAL Amino acids.

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18

What are the NON-ESSENTIAL Amino acids?

Glutamic Acid

Alanine

Asparagine

Serine

Aspartic Acid

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19

What are the CONDITIONALLY ESSENTIAL Amino acids?

Cysteine

Arginine

Glutamine

Glycine

Proline

Tyrosine

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20

What are the ESSENTIAL Amino acids?

Methionine

Threonine

Tryptophan

Valine

Phenylalanine

Histidine

Isoleucine

Leucine

Lysine

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21

• Carbohydrate

• Building block: Monosaccharide

• Primary source of energy

Glucose

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22

When does Glucose become important when it comes to protein discussion?

During Hemoglobin A1C - used as Biomarker of DM

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23

• Hydrophobic macromolecules

• Building blocks:

• Fatty Acids

• Glycerol

• Energy storage of molecules

Lipids

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24

a molecule that has both positive and negative charges, but an overall neutral charge.

ZWITTERION

<p>ZWITTERION</p>
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25
<p>What happens to these groups if protein is present in Low pH (Acidic).</p>

What happens to these groups if protein is present in Low pH (Acidic).

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26
<p>What happens to these groups if protein is present in Neutral pH (7.5 pH).</p>

What happens to these groups if protein is present in Neutral pH (7.5 pH).

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27
<p>What happens to these groups if protein is present in High pH (Alkaline).</p>

What happens to these groups if protein is present in High pH (Alkaline).

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