Ancient Egypt Rulers and Kingdoms

Menes

First pharaoh of Egypt
United upper and lower Egypt (3100 BCE)
Established Memphis as the capitol

Old Kingdom

2660 to 2180 BCE
Most pyramids were built during this time

Middle Kingdom

2080 to 1640 BCE
Time of internal improvement: levies and canal built to link the Read Sea to the Nile River

New Kingdom

1570 to 1075 BCE
Time of Egypt as an ancient world superpower
Territorial conquest, increased trade
Egypt's Golden Age

Hatshepsut

Long, prosperous, and peaceful reign
Established trading relationships and brought great wealth to Egypt

Ramses II

Conquered nearby Palestine, Nubia (Sudan), and Libya
Oppresive, ruled by iron fist, believed he was to be worshipped
Believed to be Farown

Akhenaton

Proposed worshipping only one god (Aten, the sun god)
Lost support of the military and common people as they feared wrath of other gods.

Tutankemon

Named pharaoh at 8 years old, Akhenaton's son
Died at 18, fell of a chariot

Conquered by Kushites

727 BCE

Conquered by Assyrians

671 BCE

Conquered by Persians

525 BCE

Conquered by Alexander the Great

305 BCE

Conquered by the Romans

30 BCE