SLEEP

Accuracy

How close a measurement is to the true value of the dependent variable being measured.

Advanced sleep phase disorder

A circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterised by earlier sleep onset at night and earlier waking in the morning.

Affective functioning

Refers to a person's experience of their emotions.

Altered state of consciousness

Any state that differs significantly to NWC.

Amplitude (of brainwaves)

Indicates the intensity or strength of brainwaves.

Behavioural functioning

Refers to a person's observable actions.

Being completely sleep deprived will result in similar affective and cognitive changes as having a blood alcohol concentration of

0.10%

Being partially sleep deprived will result in similar affective and cognitive changes as having a blood alcohol concentration of

0.05%

Blue light

Part of the visible light spectrum that is emitted from smartphone screens

Bright light therapy

Regular exposure to to bright light early in the morning, to prevent melatonin release, and shift the circadian rhythm earlier.

Circadian rhythm sleep disorders

A type of sleep disorder characterised by a persistent pattern of sleep disruption due to a misalignment between the circadian rhythm and the sleep-wake schedule required.

Circadian rhythm

Biological rhythms that are repeated every 24 hours.

Cognitive functioning

Refers to a person's mental processing.

Consciousness

The awareness of your own internal mental processes

Delayed sleep phase syndrome

A circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterised by later sleep onset at night and later waking in the morning.

EEG

A technique that detects

EMG

A technique that detects

EOG

A technique that detects

External validity

The extent to which the results can be applied to similar individuals in different settings.

Frequency (of brainwaves)

Indicates the speed of the brain waves or how much activity is occurring every second.

Hypnogram

A graph that shows the stages of sleep over time.

Internal validity

The extent to which a study measures what it claims to be measuring.

Melatonin

A hormone that induces drowsiness.

Normal waking consciousness

A state of consciousness associated with being aware of our internal and external environments.

NREM sleep

A type of sleep characterised by a progressive decline in physiological activity and includes three stages.

Partial sleep deprivation

Achieving inadequate sleep in terms of quantity or quality.

Personal error

This includes mistakes

Polysomnography

A device that combines the readings from several physiological responses to analyse sleep patterns.

Precision

How closely a set of measurement values agree with each other.

Psychological construct

A concept that cannot be directly observed or measured but is believed to exist.

Random error

Error that is unpredictable

REM sleep

A type of sleep characterised by movements behind the eyelids and an increase in physiological activity.

Repeatability

How similar the results would be if the study was carried out again under the same conditions.

Reproducibility

How similar the results would be if the study was carried out again under different conditions.

Shift work

Work that regularly takes place outside of normal business hours

Sleep diary

A subjective

Sleep hygiene

The sleep-related behaviours and environmental conditions that promote sleep.

Sleep

A naturally occurring and reversible ASC

Suprachismatic nucleus (SCN)

A small brain structure that uses input from the eye to regulate the body's sleep-wake cycle.

Systematic error

Error that shifts all measurements in a standardised way and reduces accuracy.

True value

Refers to a value

Ultradian rhythm

Biological rhythms that are repeated less than every 24 hours.

Video monitoring

A sleep study tool used to collect qualitative visual and audio information about a person's sleep.

Zeitgebers

External cues such as light