UNIT 2 - Chemistry in Living Systems 🧫

Atom

Smallest unit of an element, retains properties.

Ion

Charged atom due to electron loss or gain.

Molecule

Two or more atoms bonded together chemically.

Compound

Substance formed from two or more different elements.

Chemical Reaction

Process where substances transform into new products.

Catalyst

Substance that accelerates a chemical reaction without changing.

Enzyme

Biological catalyst that speeds up biochemical reactions.

Polymer

Large molecule made of repeating subunits called monomers.

Hydrocarbon

Organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

Carbohydrate

Organic molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Lipid

Hydrophobic organic molecules, including fats and oils.

Phospholipid

Lipid with phosphate group, forms cell membranes.

Protein

Large biomolecule made of amino acids, essential for life.

Amino Acid

Building blocks of proteins, containing amine and carboxyl groups.

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate, energy currency of the cell.

ADP

Adenosine diphosphate, product of ATP dephosphorylation.

Element

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom