bio-med - tissues

Define epithelium.

Epithelium forms continuous sheets of cells that line internal surfaces of the body. It is a selective barrier that protects tissues and is often involved in absorption or secretion

Define basement membrane.

Separates epithelium from underlying connective tissue

List the 3 criteria epithelia are based on.

1. Number of cell layers 

2. Shape of surface cells 

3. Specializations

What is the difference between an apical surface and a basal surface?

Apical faces the external environment and basal is attached to the basement membrane.

define simple cuboidal epithelium

1. Simple cuboidal epithelium consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. 

2. It's often associated with absorption, secretion or excretion of waste matter

Describe Simple Columnar Epithelium.

1. Simple columnar epithelium consists of a single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide 

2. associated with absorption or secretion

What makes pseudostratified columnar epithelium unique?

It appears to be stratified because the nuclei are in different parts of the cell.

What is the purpose of stratified squamous epithelium?

It provides protection from abrasion and is keratinized(when the cells flatten or die)

Compare and contrast simple cuboidal, simple columnar, and stratified cuboidal epithelium

1. A simple cuboidal is cubed with its nucleus in the middle of the cell.

2. A simple columnar is rectangular in shape with its nucleus at the bottom of the cell.

3. Stratified cuboidal is cubed shaped cells in multiple layers

what type of cell is this?

stratified cuboidal

what type of cell is this?

stratified columnar

what type of cell is this?

stratified squamous

what type of cell is this?

pseudostratified

define elastic cartilage

provides elasticity

locations: ear

define fibrocartilage

-highly compressible

-location:makes cushion like discs between vertebrae

define dense connective tissue

-made of collagen fiber

-resists stretching

dense regular tissue

-fibers are parallel to each other

-contains elastic

-found in tendons and ligaments

-also found in folds between vertebrae

ligaments

attaches bone to bone

tendons

muscle to bone

dense irregular tissue

fiber direction is random

found in the dermis (lower layers of skin)

loose connective tissue

-softer

-have more cells

-fewer fibers than other connective tissues (other than blood)

areolar connective tissue

• Most widely distributed connective tissue

• Soft, pliable tissue like “cobwebs”

• Functions as a universal packing tissue and “glue” to hold organs in place

• Layer of areolar tissue called lamina propria underlies all membranes

• All fiber types form a loose network

• Can soak up excess fluid (causes edema)

adipose connective tissue

-insulates body

-protects some organs

-serves as fuel storage

-found in subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin

reticular connective tissue

-interwoven fibers

-forms stroma of organs

-locations:

-lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

blood (vascular tissue)

-surrounded by fluid matrix (blood plasma)

-soluble fibers visible only during clotting

-functions:transpot vehicle

-carries: nutrients wastes and respiratory glasses

lymph

liquid matrix and white blood cells

what type of cell is this?

simple cuboidal epithelium

what type of cell is this?

what type of cell is this?

simple squamous epithelium

where is reticular connective tissue located?

-lymph nodes

-spleen

-bone marrow

what does blood carry for the cardiovascular system?

-nutrients

-wastes

-respiratory gasses

adipose connective tissue functions

-insulates body

-protects organs

-fuel storage

adipose connective tissue locations

-subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin

-protects organs

-fat ‘depots’ include hips, breasts, and belly