End bits of cog and dev

Violation of expectatio procedure

24 infants ageed 5-6 months

Showed tall and short rabbit passing screen with a window

Possible condition - Tall Rabbit can be seen, but short can’t

Impossible - Neither rabbit seen

VOE findings

Infants looked at impossible for 33 seconds compared to 25 for possible.

Baillargon interpreted this as infants being surprised as they knew that the rabbit should of appeared.

Demonstrates object permenance

VOE study

Was example of occlusion study where one object is obstructing another

Baillargeon repeat findings with different types of VOE, including:

Containment - when an onject enters a container it should be still be there when the container is open

Support - idea that an onject should fall when unsupported but not when it is on a horizontal sufacr.

Positive evaluations of Baillargeon’s

P - VEO method better test of infants abilities

E - Piaget studied OP by cloth over object to see if child would look. Child wouldn’t if bored or distracted.

E - Baillargeon studied OP by using VOE. Elimated confounding variables.

L - VOE has better internal validity

P - Evidence to support concept of physical reasoning system.

E - RPS is that children have innate knowledge of real world.

E - Hespes + marle. Let go of set of keys. All children across cultures knew that they would fall.

L - Knowledge is universal, supports idea that PRS is innate.

Negative evaluations of Baillargeons theory

P - Weakness of VOE is that it may not be valid way of measuring infants abilities

E - B said chilren would look at impossible events longer which meant they had OP.

E - Looking longer at one simply means they see them as different. Behaviour response is the same

L - VOE method lacks internal validity as we are guessing that looking longer at impossible means they have OP.

Issue and debate Nature Nurture

P - Nature due to her saying that children have innate Physical world knowledge

I - Strenght is that treatment can be developed by improving OP

C - Nuture as well as it is in our environment to see possible and impossible event

L - Baillargeons theory link’s to nature by using interactionist approach.