Body Systems: Skeletal and Muscular

part ii

What is the function of the cranium?

To protect the brain.

What is the mandible?

The jawbone.

What is the clavicle?

The collarbone.

What is the sternum?

The breastbone.

What bone is in the upper arm?

Humerus.

What is the function of the ribs?

To protect the lungs and heart.

What is a vertebra?

A segment of the backbone.

What is the pelvis?

The bony structure at the base of the spine to which the legs are attached.

What is the radius?

One of the two bones in the forearm.

What is the ulna?

The other bone in the forearm, besides the radius.

What are carpals?

Wrist bones.

What are metacarpals?

Hand bones.

What are phalanges?

Finger bones.

What is the femur?

The thigh bone.

What is the patella?

The kneecap.

What is the tibia?

Larger bone in the lower leg.

What is the fibula?

The smaller bone in the lower leg.

What are tarsals?

Ankle bones.

What are metatarsals?

Foot bones.

What are phalanges (in the context of toes)?

Toe bones.

What is the axial skeleton?

The central part of the skeleton, protecting vital organs.

What is the appendicular skeleton?

The part of the skeleton used for movement.

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Framework, support, protection, movement, and blood cell production.

What type of tissue are tendons and ligaments classified as?

Connective tissue.

What is cartilage made of?

Protein fibers

What happens during ossification?

Cartilage hardens to form bone.

What are bones?

Network of living cells and protein fibers surrounded by calcium salts.

What is the advantage of spongy bone tissue?

Adds strength without adding mass.

Which cells are produced in red bone marrow?

Red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets.

What is a ligament?

Place where one bone attaches to another.

Give an example of an immovable joint.

Bones of the skull.

Give an example of a slightly moveable joint.

Joints between vertebrae.

Give an example of a freely moveable joint.

Shoulder, knee, elbow, hand.

What connects muscle to bone?

Tendon

What allows bones to move when touching?

Joint

What are the three types of muscles?

Smooth, cardiac, and skeletal.

Where is smooth muscle found?

Stomach, blood vessels, and intestines.

Where is cardiac muscle found?

Heart.

Where is skeletal muscle found?

Attached to bone.

What are muscles made of?

Actin and Myosin

When the muscles move things along.

Peristalsis

How many vertebra are there?

24

Types of Freely Moving Joints:

Ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot, and *saddle joint.

How many muscles are t