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Alignment

Cohesion between inquiry, data collection, analysis, and conclusions

Argument

Claim developed through reasoning and supported by evidence

Assumption

Unstated belief regarded as true

Author

Creator of a work conveying a perspective

Bias

Personal opinion influencing judgment or claim

Claim

Statement asserting a perspective on an issue

Commentary

Analysis of evidence in relation to a claim

Complex issue

Issue with multiple perspectives to understand

Concession

Acknowledgment of an opposing view

Conclusion

Understanding resulting from evidence analysis

Context

Intent, audience, purpose, bias, and background of a source

Conventions

Stylistic features of writing

Counterargument

Opposing perspective supported by evidence

Credibility

Degree of believability and trustworthiness of a source

Cross-curricular

Goes beyond a single content area or discipline

Deductive

Reasoning with general propositions supported by evidence

Evidence

Information used to support a claim or thesis

Fallacy

False or erroneous evidence or reasoning

Implication

Possible future effect or result

Inductive

Reasoning presenting evidence leading to a logical conclusion

Inquiry

Process for seeking truth, information, or knowledge

Interdisciplinary

Involving two or more areas of knowledge

Issue

Important problem for debate or discussion

Lens

Filter through which an issue or topic is considered

Limitation

Boundary where an argument or generalization is no longer valid

Line of reasoning

Arrangement of claims and evidence leading to a conclusion

Literature

Foundational and current texts of a field or discipline

Perspective

Point of view conveyed through an argument

Plagiarism

Failure to acknowledge or cite ideas or evidence from another source

Point of view

Position or standpoint on a topic or issue

Primary source

Original source of information about a topic

Qualification

Condition or exception

Qualitative

Related to text, narrative, or descriptions

Quantitative

Related to numbers, amounts, or quantities

Rebuttal

Contradicting an opposing perspective with more convincing evidence

Refutation

Disproving an opposing perspective with counterclaims or counterevidence

Reliability

Extent to which something can be trusted to be accurate

Resolution

Act of solving a problem or dispute

Secondary source

Commentary about one or more primary sources

Sequencing

Organization of curriculum content from simple to complex

Solution

Means of answering a question or addressing a problem

Text

Something composed conveying a perspective

Thesis

Claim or position on an issue supported by evidence

Tone

Author's expression of attitude through rhetorical choices

Validity

Extent to which an argument or claim is logical

Vocal variety

Changing vocal characteristics to emphasize ideas or convey emotion