Cellular Immunity and Histocompatibility in Biosci107

Cellular Immunity

Immune response involving T and B lymphocytes.

Thymus

Primary organ for T cell development and education.

T Lymphocytes

White blood cells crucial for adaptive immunity.

Histocompatibility

Compatibility of tissue types for transplantation.

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

Gene complex coding for antigen presentation proteins.

MHC Restriction

Requirement for T cells to recognize antigens via MHC.

T Cell Receptor (TCR)

Membrane protein recognizing antigens presented by MHC.

MHC Class I

Presents peptides to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells.

MHC Class II

Presents peptides to CD4+ helper T cells.

CD4 Co-receptor

Accessory molecule for helper T cell activation.

CD8 Co-receptor

Accessory molecule for cytotoxic T cell activation.

Thymic Education

Process where T cells learn self-tolerance.

Immune Tolerance

Prevention of immune response against self-cells.

Polymorphism

Genetic variation in MHC genes among individuals.

Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)

Human MHC proteins involved in immune response.

Tissue Typing

Matching MHC genes for successful organ transplantation.

Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL)

T cells that kill virus-infected or cancerous cells.

Helper T Lymphocytes (HTL)

T cells that assist other immune cells.

Autoimmune Disease

Condition resulting from loss of immune tolerance.

Graft Rejection

Immune response against transplanted tissue.

Peptide Binding Groove

Region in MHC that holds foreign peptides.

Intracellular Signaling

Cell communication triggered by receptor activation.

MHC Polymorphism Importance

Enhances population survival against diverse pathogens.

HLA Matching

Process of ensuring donor-recipient MHC compatibility.

Viral Pathogens

Intracellular organisms requiring host cells for replication.

Cancer Immunotherapy

Treatment using immune system to target cancer cells.

MHC Gene Variability

Differences in MHC genes across individuals.

MHC Class I vs II

Different roles in immune response and T cell activation.